Many fungi (from micro-to macromycetes) interact with plants as a relevant component of plant microbiota. The aim of the review is to focus on the early diverging fungi (Mucoromycota) whose members establish a wide range of beneficial or pathogenic interactions with their green hosts, depending on their phylogenetic position. While Mortierellomycotina are mostly identified as rhizospheric microbes, Glomeromycotina are acknowledged as the most widespread arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, leading to the establishment of an ancient and ecologically relevant symbiosis with plants. A combination of data from fossils and from novel observations demonstrates how the third subphylum, Mucoromycotina, is a source of so far largely unidentified plant-interacting fungi. In addition to pathogens, other members establish symbiosis with non-vascular plants, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms producing both ecto- and endomycorrhizas.

A survey of the so far sequenced genomes illustrates how these fungi share some genetic traits, mirroring their common origin, while other features are specific for each group. In addition to some shared phenotypic traits (aseptate hyphae, multinuclear conditions) endobacteria belonging to the group of Burkholderia-related and to the Mycoplasma-related bacteria are present in many members of the three subphyla, suggesting that the common ancestor was already hosting endobacteria. The review also underlines some idiosyncrasies mostly due to the lack of fossil reports which may confirm phylogenomics as well as the still limited functional data.

许多真菌（从微小真菌到大型真菌）与植物相互作用，是植物微生物群的重要组成部分。综述的目的是集中于早期发散真菌（Mucoromycota），其成员根据其系统发育位置与它们的绿色宿主建立广泛的有益或致病性相互作用。虽然Mortierellomycotina通常被鉴定为根际微生物，但Glomeromycotina被认为是最广泛的丛枝菌根真菌，导致与植物建立了古老且与生态相关的共生关系。来自化石的数据和来自新发现的数据的结合表明，第三门亚科（Mucoromycotina）是迄今为止尚未发现的与植物相互作用的真菌的来源。除了病原体外，其他成员与非维管植物共生，

一项对迄今为止已测序基因组的调查表明，这些真菌是如何共享某些遗传特性的，反映了它们的共同起源，而其他特征则是针对每个群体的。在三个亚门的许多成员中，除了与伯克霍尔德菌有关和与支原体有关的细菌外，还有一些共有的表型性状（先天菌丝，多核病），内细菌也存在。审查还强调了一些特质，主要是由于缺乏化石报告，这些报告可能证实了系统发育组学以及仍然有限的功能数据。