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Detection of Multiple Nitroaromatic Explosives via Formation of a Janowsky Complex and SERS.
Analytical Chemistry ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-29 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05062
Kirsty Milligan 1 , Neil C Shand 2 , Duncan Graham 1 , Karen Faulds 1
Affiliation  

Military-grade explosives such as 2,4,6-trinitroluene (TNT) are still a major worldwide concern in terms of terror threat and environmental impact. The most common methods currently employed for the detection of explosives involve colorimetric tests, which are known to be rapid and portable; however, they often display false positives and lack sensitivity. Other methods used include ion mobility mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), which despite producing more reliable results often require large, expensive instrumentation and specially trained staff. Here we demonstrate an alternative approach that utilizes the formation of a colored Janowsky complex with nitroaromatic explosives through reaction of the enolate ion of 3-mercapto-2-butanone. The colored complex is formed rapidly and can then be detected sensitively using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). We demonstrate that SERS can be used as a quick, sensitive, and selective technique for the detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexanitrostillbene (HNS), and 2,4,6-trinitrophenylmethylnitramine (tetryl) with a detection limit of 6.81 ng mL-1 achieved for TNT, 17.2 ng mL-1 for tetryl, and 135.1 ng mL-1 for HNS. This method of detection also requires minimal sample preparation, can be done in a solution-based format, and utilizes the same precursor reagents for complex formation with each of the explosives which can then be identified due to the specificity of the unique SERS response obtained. We demonstrate the ability to simultaneously identify three explosive compounds within a total analysis time of 10 min. This method of detection shows promise for the development of rapid and portable SERS-based assays which can be utilized in the field in order to achieve reliable and quantitative detection.

中文翻译:


通过形成 Janowsky 络合物和 SERS 检测多种硝基芳香族爆炸物。



就恐怖威胁和环境影响而言,2,4,6-三硝基甲苯 (TNT) 等军用级爆炸物仍然是全世界关注的主要问题。目前用于检测爆炸物的最常用方法包括比色测试,该方法快速且便携;然而,它们经常表现出误报并且缺乏敏感性。使用的其他方法包括离子淌度质谱法、气相色谱-质谱法 (GC-MS) 和液相色谱-质谱法 (LC-MS),尽管这些方法可以产生更可靠的结果,但通常需要大型、昂贵的仪器和经过专门培训的人员。在这里,我们展示了一种替代方法,通过 3-巯基-2-丁酮的烯醇离子反应,与硝基芳香族炸药形成有色雅诺夫斯基络合物。有色复合物快速形成,然后可以使用表面增强拉曼散射 (SERS) 进行灵敏检测。我们证明,SERS 可作为一种快速、灵敏和选择性的技术,用于检测 2,4,6-三硝基甲苯 (TNT)、六硝基芪 (HNS) 和 2,4,6-三硝基苯基甲基硝胺 (tetryl)。 TNT 的限值为 6.81 ng mL-1,tetryl 的限值为 17.2 ng mL-1,HNS 的限值为 135.1 ng mL-1。这种检测方法还需要最少的样品制备,可以以基于溶液的形式进行,并利用相同的前体试剂与每种爆炸物形成复合物,然后由于获得的独特 SERS 响应的特异性而可以识别该复合物。我们展示了在 10 分钟的总分析时间内同时识别三种爆炸性化合物的能力。 这种检测方法有望开发出快速、便携式的基于 SERS 的检测方法,可在现场使用,以实现可靠的定量检测。
更新日期:2020-01-29
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