Root-knot nematodes are sedentary, soil-dwelling parasites that infect plant roots to disturb their nutrient and water utilization, causing significant yield losses. Avermectin is widely used in the field because of its excellent nematicidal activities; however, it is adsorbed by organic matter near the soil surface, resulting in poor migration in the soil, limiting its field performance. Many organic compound pesticides suffer from the same challenge. Six avermectin B1a (AVB1a) derivatives with phenyl carbamate groups were obtained and found to have increased water solubility and significantly decreased oil–water partition coefficients (K_ow) and soil adsorption coefficients (K_f). Two soil mobility experiments verified that all derivatives could move to a farther location compared with AVB1a. These derivatives could reduce nematode viability, though the nematicidal activities were lower by nearly 1.5–5-fold compared with AVB1a. In the field, the six derivatives exhibited excellent efficacy, 20–30% higher than that of the control compound. This research emphasizes the significance of uniform distribution in the soil by hydrophilic modification with phenyl carbamate that increased the delivery efficiency and bioavailability of the agent, thereby improving its efficacy.

中文翻译：

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苯基异氰酸酯修饰的Avermectin B1a通过促进土壤活动性提高了对植物寄生线虫病的功效

根结线虫是定居在土壤中的久坐寄生虫，感染植物的根部会扰乱其养分和水分利用，从而导致大量的产量损失。阿维菌素由于其优异的杀线虫活性而被广泛应用于该领域。但是，它被土壤表层附近的有机物吸附，导致土壤中的迁移较差，限制了其田间性能。许多有机化合物农药也面临同样的挑战。获得了六个具有氨基甲酸苯酯基团的阿维菌素B1a（AVB1a）衍生物，发现其水溶性增加，油水分配系数（K _ow）和土壤吸附系数（K _f）大大降低。）。两项土壤迁移率实验证明，与AVB1a相比，所有衍生物都可以移动到更远的位置。这些杀虫剂可能会降低线虫的生存能力，尽管杀线虫活性比AVB1a降低了近1.5-5倍。在现场，这六种衍生物表现出优异的功效，比对照化合物高20–30％。这项研究强调了通过氨基甲酸苯酯的亲水性改性，在土壤中均匀分布的重要性，这可以提高药剂的递送效率和生物利用度，从而提高其功效。