<br>帕金森病患者声学元音对比度降低和增强的舌头和下颌特异性发音基础,Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research

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帕金森病患者声学元音对比度降低和增强的舌头和下颌特异性发音基础
Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-15 , DOI: 10.1044/2019_jslhr-s-msc18-18-0192
Antje S Mefferd ₁ , Mary S Dietrich ₂

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目的本研究旨在确定因帕金森病 (PD) 导致构音障碍的说话者声元音对比度降低和增强的咬合架特异性机制。方法 17 名患有 PD 引起的轻度至中度构音障碍的说话者和 17 名对照者使用典型、缓慢、响亮且清晰的语音完成了句子重复任务。使用 3D 电磁关节描记术记录舌头和下颌的关节运动。计算了嵌入单词 kite 中的双元音 /aɪ/ 的独立舌头位移、下颌位移和声学元音对比度。结果在典型的言语过程中，独立的舌头位移（而不是下颌位移）对说话者的声学元音对比度差异有显着影响。在对照组中，与响度相关的声学元音对比度增益主要由下颌驱动，但在患有 PD 的说话者中，由舌头和下颌驱动。此外，在两组中，与清晰度相关的声学元音对比度增益主要是下颌驱动的。最后，在两组中，与速率相关的声元音对比度增益主要是由舌头驱动的。然而，下巴也做出了贡献。 PD 组的下颌贡献大于对照组。结论研究结果表明，舌特异性发音障碍是 PD 说话者声元音对比度恶化的原因，至少在言语能力下降的早期阶段是这样。研究结果进一步表明，对于患有帕金森病的说话者来说，缓慢的言语比大声而清晰的言语更能吸引受损的舌头。然而，缓慢的言语也与这些说话者异常强烈的下巴反应有关，这表明也可能引发补偿性发音行为。

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Tongue- and Jaw-Specific Articulatory Underpinnings of Reduced and Enhanced Acoustic Vowel Contrast in Talkers With Parkinson's Disease

Purpose This study sought to identify the articulator-specific mechanisms that underlie reduced and enhanced acoustic vowel contrast in talkers with dysarthria due to Parkinson's disease (PD). Method Seventeen talkers with mild–moderate dysarthria due to PD and 17 controls completed a sentence repetition task using typical, slow, loud, and clear speech. Tongue and jaw articulatory movements were recorded using 3D electromagnetic articulography. Independent tongue displacements, jaw displacements, and acoustic vowel contrast were calculated for the diphthong /aɪ/ embedded in the word kite. Results During typical speech, independent tongue displacement, but not jaw displacement, contributed significantly to the intertalker variance in acoustic vowel contrast. Loudness-related acoustic vowel contrast gains were predominantly jaw driven in controls but driven by the tongue and jaw in talkers with PD. Further, in both groups, clarity-related acoustic vowel contrast gains were predominantly jaw driven. Finally, in both groups, rate-related acoustic vowel contrast gains were predominantly tongue driven; however, the jaw also contributed. These jaw contributions were greater in the PD group than in the control group. Conclusions Findings suggest that a tongue-specific articulatory impairment underlies acoustic vowel contrast deterioration in talkers with PD, at least during the early stages of speech decline. Findings further suggest that slow speech engages the impaired tongue more than loud and clear speech in talkers with PD. However, slow speech was also associated with an abnormally strong jaw response in these talkers, which suggests that a compensatory articulatory behavior may also be elicited.

更新日期：2019-07-15

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