Reconstruction of massive bone defects is challenging for orthopaedic clinicians, especially in cases of severe trauma and resection of tumors in various locales. Autologous iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) is the “gold standard” for bone grafting. However, the limited availability and complications at donor sites resulted in seeking other options like allografts and bone graft substitutes. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is a form of allograft using acidic solution to remove mineral components, while leaving much of the proteinaceous components native to bone, with small amounts of calcium‐based solids, inorganic phosphates, and some trace cell debris. It is an osteoconductive and osteoinductive biomaterial and is approved as a medical device for use in bone defects and spinal fusion. To pack consistently into the defect sites and stay firmly in the filling parts, DBM products have various forms combined with biocompatible viscous carriers, including sponges, strips, injectable putty, paste, and paste infused with chips. The present review aims to summarize the properties of various kind of viscous carriers and their clinical use combined with DBM in commercially available products. Given DBM'mercially available products. Given DBM;s long clinical track record and commercial accessibility in standard forms, opportunities to further develop and validate DBM as a versatile bone biomaterial in orthopaedic repair and regenerative medicine contexts are attractive.

中文翻译：

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脱矿质骨基质载体及其临床应用：概述。

整形骨缺损的重建对整形外科医师来说是具有挑战性的，特别是在严重创伤和不同部位肿瘤切除的情况下。自体骨骨移植（ICBG）是骨移植的“黄金标准”。但是，供体部位的可用性和并发症有限，导致寻求其他选择，例如同种异体移植和骨移植替代物。去矿质骨基质（DBM）是同种异体移植的一种形式，使用酸性溶液去除矿物质成分，同时保留骨骼固有的许多蛋白质成分，以及少量的钙基固体，无机磷酸盐和一些微量细胞碎片。它是一种骨传导性和骨诱导性生物材料，被批准用于骨缺损和脊柱融合的医疗设备。为了始终如一地包装到缺陷部位并牢固地保留在填充部件中，DBM产品具有多种形式与生物相容性粘性载体相结合，包括海绵，条状，可注射的腻子，糊剂和注入芯片的糊剂。本综述旨在总结各种粘性载体的特性及其与DBM结合在市售产品中的临床应用。鉴于DBM的市售产品。鉴于DBM的长期临床记录和标准形式的商业可及性，在整形外科修复和再生医学领域中进一步发展和验证DBM作为多功能骨生物材料的机会很有吸引力。和粘贴注入芯片。本综述旨在总结各种粘性载体的特性及其与DBM结合在市售产品中的临床应用。鉴于DBM的市售产品。鉴于DBM的长期临床记录和标准形式的商业可及性，在整形外科修复和再生医学领域中进一步发展和验证DBM作为多功能骨生物材料的机会很有吸引力。和粘贴注入芯片。本综述旨在总结各种粘性载体的特性及其与DBM结合在市售产品中的临床应用。鉴于DBM的市售产品。鉴于DBM的长期临床记录和标准形式的商业可及性，在整形外科修复和再生医学领域中进一步发展和验证DBM作为多功能骨生物材料的机会很有吸引力。