功能性低聚糖能降低患糖尿病的风险吗？,The FASEB Journal

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功能性低聚糖能降低患糖尿病的风险吗？
The FASEB Journal ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-08-15 , DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802802rrr
Di Zhu ₁ , Qiaojuan Yan ₂ , Jun Liu ₁ , Xia Wu ₂ , Zhengqiang Jiang ₁

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糖尿病显着影响糖尿病患者的生活质量和寿命，在 400 万死于糖尿病的人中，近一半年龄在 60 岁以下。从自然资源中寻找新的膳食补充剂，尤其是功能性低聚糖，引起了科研人员的广泛关注。功能性寡糖因其不易消化、低热量和益生菌特性而成为潜在的抗糖尿病治疗药物。本文综述了低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖和低聚木糖等多种功能性低聚糖的抗糖尿病活性。寡糖抗糖尿病活性的分子机制已从多个角度进行了系统的讨论，包括改善胰腺功能、抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶、缓解胰岛素和瘦素抵抗、抗炎作用、调节肠道菌群和激素等。糖尿病危险因素的干预。此外，总结了功能性低聚糖通过复杂的肠-脑-肝轴的抗糖尿病作用。本综述中讨论的概念具有重要的临床意义，尽管需要更多的工作来确认功能性寡糖的抗糖尿病机制、标准化安全剂量水平并阐明它们在人体内的代谢。——Zhu, D., Yan, Q.,刘，J.，吴，X.，江，Z。功能性低聚糖能降低患糖尿病的风险吗？FASEB J. 33, 11655-11667 (2019)。www.fasebj.org

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Can functional oligosaccharides reduce the risk of diabetes mellitus?

Diabetes significantly affects the life quality and length of patients with diabetes, and almost half of the 4 million people who die from diabetes are under the age of 60. Because of the increasing number of patients with diabetes and the side effects of antidiabetic drugs, the search for new dietary supplementation from natural resources, especially functional oligosaccharides, has attracted much attention among scientific researchers. Functional oligosaccharides are potential antidiabetic treatments because of their nondigestible, low‐calorie, and probiotic features. The antidiabetic activity of multiple functional oligosaccharides such as fructo‐oligosaccharides, galacto‐oligosaccharides, and xylo‐oligosaccharides has been reviewed in this paper. Molecular mechanisms involved in the antidiabetic activity of oligosaccharides have been systematically discussed from multiple perspectives, including the improvement of pancreas function, α‐glucosidase inhibition, the relief of insulin and leptin resistance, anti‐inflammatory effects, regulation of gut microbiota and hormones, and the intervention of diabetic risk factors. In addition, the antidiabetic effects of functional oligosaccharides through the complex gut‐brain‐liver axis are summarized. The concepts addressed in this review have important clinical implications, although more works are needed to confirm the antidiabetic mechanisms of functional oligosaccharides, standardize safe dose levels, and clarify their metabolism in the human body.—Zhu, D., Yan, Q., Liu, J., Wu, X., Jiang, Z. Can functional oligosaccharides reduce the risk of diabetes mellitus? FASEB J. 33, 11655‐11667 (2019). www.fasebj.org

更新日期：2019-08-15

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