代谢控制中的酰基辅酶 A 合成酶。,Current Opinion in Lipidology

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代谢控制中的酰基辅酶 A 合成酶。
Current Opinion in Lipidology ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2010-06-01 , DOI: 10.1097/mol.0b013e32833884bb
Jessica M Ellis ₁ , Jennifer L Frahm , Lei O Li , Rosalind A Coleman

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综述的目的 11 种长链 (ACSL) 和超长链酰基辅酶 A (acyl-CoA) 合成酶 [(ACSVL)/脂肪酸转运蛋白] 正受到相当多的关注，因为它们的个体功能明显不多余的。最近的发现最近的研究集中在酰基辅酶A合成酶的结构、它们的翻译后修饰、它们激活不同链长的脂肪酸的能力，以及它们在引导脂肪酸进入不同代谢途径中的作用。一个未解决的争议集中在 ACSVL 异构体以及它们是否同时具有酶促和转运功能。另一个问题是脂肪酸转化为酰基辅酶A是否会增加足以激活AMP激活激酶的AMP/ATP比率。总结未来的研究需要确定每个 ACSL 和 ACSVL 同种型的亚细胞定位以及磷酸化和乙酰化的功能重要性。需要对哺乳动物 ACSL 和 ACSVL 异构体进行纯化和结晶，以确认作用机制并发现这些酶对不同链长脂肪酸的亲和力有何不同。在功能上，了解 ACSL 异构体如何将它们的酰基辅酶 A 产物引导至独立的下游途径是很重要的。需要对哺乳动物 ACSL 和 ACSVL 异构体进行纯化和结晶，以确认作用机制并发现这些酶对不同链长脂肪酸的亲和力有何不同。在功能上，了解 ACSL 异构体如何将它们的酰基辅酶 A 产物引导至独立的下游途径是很重要的。需要对哺乳动物 ACSL 和 ACSVL 异构体进行纯化和结晶，以确认作用机制并发现这些酶对不同链长脂肪酸的亲和力有何不同。在功能上，了解 ACSL 异构体如何将它们的酰基辅酶 A 产物引导至独立的下游途径是很重要的。

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Acyl-coenzyme A synthetases in metabolic control.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The 11 long-chain (ACSL) and very long chain acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) synthetases [(ACSVL)/fatty acid transport protein] are receiving considerable attention because it has become apparent that their individual functions are not redundant. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have focused on the structure of the acyl-CoA synthetases, their post-translational modification, their ability to activate fatty acids of varying chain lengths, and their role in directing fatty acids into different metabolic pathways. An unsettled controversy focuses on the ACSVL isoforms and whether these have both enzymatic and transport functions. Another issue is whether conversion of a fatty acid to an acyl-CoA produces an increase in the AMP/ATP ratio that is sufficient to activate AMP-activated kinase. SUMMARY Future studies are required to determine the subcellular location of each ACSL and ACSVL isoform and the functional importance of phosphorylation and acetylation. Purification and crystallization of mammalian ACSL and ACSVL isoforms is needed to confirm the mechanism of action and discover how these enzymes differ in their affinity for fatty acids of different chain lengths. Functionally, it will be important to learn how the ACSL isoforms can direct their acyl-CoA products toward independent downstream pathways.

更新日期：2019-11-01

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