患有对立反抗障碍/品行障碍或自闭症谱系障碍的青少年的情绪价检测。,European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

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患有对立反抗障碍/品行障碍或自闭症谱系障碍的青少年的情绪价检测。
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-27 , DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01282-z
Pierre C M Herpers _{1,

2} , Mireille J Bakker-Huvenaars _{1,

3} , Corina U Greven _{1,

3,

4} , Evita C Wiegers _{1,

5} , Karin S Nijhof _{6,

7} , Arianne N Baanders ₈ , Jan K Buitelaar _{1,

3} , Nanda N J Rommelse _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Centre, Reinier Postlaan 12, 6525 GC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Pluryn, Industrieweg 50, 6541 TW, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Behavioural Science Institute, Developmental Psychopathology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Montessorilaan 3, 6500 HE, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Ottho Gerhard Heldring Foundation, Wageningsestraat 104, 6671 DH, Zetten, The Netherlands.

对抗性反抗障碍，行为障碍（ODD / CD）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的移情功能差，并且与情感加工受损有关。但是，以前没有研究直接比较这两种疾病在这些过程中的异同。要求对正，负和中性IAPS图像进行区分的两选择情绪化价检测任务，是对52名ODD / CD青少年，52名ASD青少年和24名典型发育个体（TDI）进行青少年情感价检测。自我和父母的报告使用“ ous性情绪低落特质”清单评估了ous性情绪低落（CU）性状。主要发现是，ODD / CD或ASD的青少年在准确性方面均比TDI差，然而，与中性-阴性或阳性-阴性对比相比，只有TDI（不是两个临床组）在区分阳性和中性图像方面存在相对最大的困难。较差的表现与较高的CU性状有关。当前研究的结果表明，患有ODD / CD或ASD的年轻人检测情绪化合价的能力下降，这不仅限于面部表情，而且与较高的CU性状有关。更具体地说，患有ODD / CD或ASD的年轻人似乎对正向刺激的处理减少和/或缺乏TDI中存在的“正向认知偏见”，这可能会导致症状和/或患有该疾病和可能会导致两种疾病的合并症。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

Emotional valence detection in adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder or autism spectrum disorder.

Oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder (ODD/CD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) share poor empathic functioning and have been associated with impaired emotional processing. However, no previous studies directly compared similarities and differences in these processes for the two disorders. A two-choice emotional valence detection task requiring differentiation between positive, negative, and neutral IAPS pictures was administered to 52 adolescents (12-19 years) with ODD/CD, 52 with ASD and 24 typically developing individuals (TDI). Callous-unemotional (CU) traits were assessed by self- and parent reports using the Inventory of callous-unemotional traits. Main findings were that adolescents with ODD/CD or ASD both performed poorer than TDI in terms of accuracy, yet only the TDI-not both clinical groups-had relatively most difficulty in discriminating between positive versus neutral pictures compared to neutral-negative or positive-negative contrasts. Poorer performance was related to a higher level of CU traits. The results of the current study suggest youth with ODD/CD or ASD have a diminished ability to detect emotional valence which is not limited to facial expressions and is related to a higher level of CU traits. More specifically, youth with ODD/CD or ASD seem to have a reduced processing of positive stimuli and/or lack a 'positive perception bias' present in TDI that could either contribute to the symptoms and/or be a result of having the disorder and may contribute to the comorbidity of both disorders.

更新日期：2019-11-01

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