A Neanderthal endocast, naturally formed by travertine within the crater of a thermal spring, was found at Gánovce, near Poprad (Slovakia), in 1926, and dated to 105 ka. The endocast is partially covered by fragments of the braincase. The volume of the endocast was estimated to be 1320 cc. The endocast was first studied by the Czech paleoanthropologist Emanuel Vlček, who performed metric and morphological analyses which suggested its Neanderthal origin. Vlček published his works more than fifty years ago, but the fossil is scarcely known to the general paleoanthropological community, probably because of language barriers. Here, we review the historical and anatomical information available on the endocasts, providing additional paleoneurological assessments on its features. The endocast displays typical Neanderthal traits, and its overall appearance is similar to Guattari 1, mostly because of the pronounced frontal width and occipital bulging. The morphology of the Gánovce specimen suggests once more that the Neanderthal endocranial phenotype had already evolved at 100 ka.

中文翻译：

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来自Gánovce（斯洛伐克共和国波普拉德）的尼安德特人内铸件。

1926年，在斯洛伐克波普拉德附近的加诺夫斯发现了由石灰华自然形成的尼安德特人内铸物，其火山口位于温泉中。内播部分被脑壳碎片覆盖。内铸物的体积估计为1320 cc。内分泌法首先由捷克古人类学家伊曼纽尔·弗列克（EmanuelVlček）研究，他进行了度量和形态分析，暗示了尼安德特人的起源。弗列克（Vlček）于五十多年前发表了他的作品，但化石对整个古人类学界鲜为人知，这可能是由于语言障碍所致。在这里，我们回顾了内窥镜上可用的历史和解剖学信息，提供了有关其特征的其他古生物学评估。内播显示出典型的尼安德特人特征，它的整体外观类似于Guattari 1，主要是由于明显的额叶宽度和枕骨膨出。Gánovce标本的形态再次表明，尼安德特人的颅内表型已经在100 ka处进化。