The aim of the present study was to use electroglottography (EGG) to explore the effects of age and pitch level on sustained vowel phonation. Thirty female individuals (10 young, 10 middle-aged, and 10 older speakers) without voice disorders or training in singing participated in this study. Eight EGG parameters were measured during sustained vowel production with a high, mid, or low pitch: fundamental frequency, contact quotient, contacting-time quotient, decontacting-time quotient, speed quotient with a midslope criterion (SQ-mid), jitter, shimmer, and the harmonics-to-noise ratio. Age was found to be a significant factor in fundamental frequency, contact quotient, contacting-time quotient, decontacting-time quotient, and SQ-mid. With increasing age, the mean fundamental frequency decreased while the contact quotient increased. The middle-aged and older speakers had more asymmetrical vocal fold vibratory patterns than the young speakers. As for pitch level, the high pitch had a significantly less decontacting-time quotient and greater SQ-mid than low and mid pitches. The lack of significant interaction between age and pitch level indicates that the effects of age and pitch level could be additive. Finally, the discriminant analyses show that contact quotient is an important factor in predicting the age of a voice.

中文翻译：

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持续发声期间，年龄和音高水平对电声法的影响。

本研究的目的是使用电描记法（EGG）探索年龄和音高水平对持续元音发声的影响。三十名女性（10名年轻，10名中年和10名年龄较大的讲者）没有语音障碍或没有唱歌训练。在高，中或低音高的持续元音生成过程中，测量了八个EGG参数：基频，接触商，接触时间商，脱接触时间商，带中坡标准的速度商（SQ-mid），抖动，微光，以及谐波噪声比。发现年龄是基本频率，接触商，接触时间商，脱接触时间商和SQ-mid的重要因素。随着年龄的增长，平均基频降低，而接触商则增加。中年人和年长者的声音折叠振动模式比年轻人多。至于音调水平，与低音调和中音调相比，高音调具有显着更少的去接触时间商和更大的SQ-mid。年龄和音调水平之间缺乏显着的相互作用，表明年龄和音调水平的影响可能是累加的。最后，判别分析表明，接触商是预测语音年龄的重要因素。