Background Ovarian and adnexal cysts are frequently encountered at US examinations performed in preadolescent and adolescent patients, yet there are few published studies regarding the outcomes of cysts in this population. Purpose To identify characteristics at US that help to distinguish physiologic ovarian cysts from nonphysiologic entities. Materials and Methods Female patients who underwent pelvic US with or without Doppler from January 2009 through December 2013 were identified by using a centralized imaging database. Patients older than 7 years and younger than 18 years with ovarian or adnexal cysts at least 2.5 cm were included. Demographic characteristics, date of surgery, surgical notes, and pathologic reports were extracted from the electronic medical record. Initial and follow-up dates of US, cyst size and complexity, imaging diagnosis, and change on subsequent US images were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon rank sum and Kruskal-Wallis tests for continuous variables and the Fisher exact test for categorical variables. Results Of 754 patients who met inclusion criteria (age, 8-18 years; mean age, 14.6 years ± 1.9 [standard deviation]; mean cyst size, 5 cm ± 3.3), 409 patients underwent complete follow-up that included resolution at imaging (n = 250) or surgery (n = 159). In the patients with complete imaging follow-up, mean time to US documentation of resolution was 194 days ± 321; 59.6% (149 of 250) patients had nonsimple cyst characteristics. One-hundred fifty-nine patients underwent surgical intervention (mean cyst size, 8.5 cm ± 5.3), and 69.8% (111 of 159) of the cysts had simple characteristics. Of the 159 cysts, 100 (62.8%) were defined in the pathologic report as paratubal cysts. Of 409 patients, no malignancies were encountered in this study population with surgical or imaging resolution. Conclusion No malignancies were encountered in the study population and the majority of cysts resolved at follow-up imaging. Large size, persistence, and separability from the ovary were most helpful for identification of nonphysiologic paratubal cysts. © RSNA, 2019.

中文翻译：

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早熟和青春期人群的生理性卵巢囊肿与其他卵巢和肾上腺病理变化：美国和手术随访。

背景技术在青春期前和青春期患者进行的美国检查中经常会遇到卵巢和附件囊肿，但有关该人群囊肿结局的研究很少。目的确定美国的有助于区分生理性卵巢囊肿与非生理性实体的特征。材料和方法通过使用集中式影像数据库，从2009年1月至2013年12月对接受或不接受多普勒手术的盆腔US患者进行鉴定。包括年龄大于7岁且小于18岁的卵巢或附件囊肿至少2.5 cm的患者。从电子病历中提取人口统计学特征，手术日期，手术记录和病理报告。美国的初始和随访日期，囊肿的大小和复杂性，影像学诊断，并记录随后的美国图像的变化。使用Wilcoxon秩和检验和Kruskal-Wallis检验进行连续变量，使用Fisher精确检验进行分类变量进行统计分析。结果符合入选标准的754例患者（年龄8-18岁；平均年龄14.6岁±1.9 [标准差]；平均囊肿尺寸5 cm±3.3），对409例患者进行了完整的随访，包括影像学分辨率（n = 250）或手术（n = 159）。在完成影像学随访的患者中，达到美国分辨率的平均时间为194天±321天；59.6％（250中的149）患者具有非简单的囊肿特征。一百五十九例患者接受了手术干预（平均囊肿大小，8.5 cm±5.3），其中69.8％（159个囊肿中的111个）囊肿具有简单特征。在159个囊肿中，有100个（62。8％在病理报告中定义为管旁囊肿。在409例患者中，在具有手术或影像学分辨率的本研究人群中未发现任何恶性肿瘤。结论在研究人群中未见恶性肿瘤，大多数囊肿在后续影像学检查中得以解决。大尺寸，持久性和与卵巢的可分离性对鉴别非生理性管旁囊肿最有帮助。©RSNA，2019年。