2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1,3-二醇（溴酚）的抗菌作用。,Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

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2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1,3-二醇（溴酚）的抗菌作用。
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 1988-11-01 , DOI: 10.1128/aac.32.11.1693
J A Shepherd ₁ , R D Waigh , P Gilbert

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在2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1,3-二醇（溴酚）存在下对大肠杆菌的生长抑制模式表明了一段杀菌剂诱导的抑菌作用，随后以抑制的速率生长。通过添加过量的半胱氨酸减少了抑菌期的长度，但没有抑制随后的生长。生长抑制的模式不受过氧化氢酶或超氧化物歧化酶的影响。杀菌浓度（100到500微克/毫升）大大超过了MIC（13微克/毫升），通常会导致活性的一级下降。缺氧条件和过氧化氢酶或超氧化物歧化酶的存在大大降低了杀菌活性。结果表明，溴硝酚和硫醇之间有两个不同的反应。在有氧条件下 bronopol催化氧化含硫醇的物质（例如半胱氨酸），而大气中的氧气作为最终氧化剂。该反应的副产物是活性氧，例如超氧化物和过氧化物，它们直接负责化合物的杀菌活性，并导致抑菌期后生长速率降低。后者的影响可能是由于细胞内硫醇（如谷胱甘肽和半胱氨酸）的氧化所致。在过量硫醇的存在下硫醇的催化氧化导致形成缺氧状态。在这些条件下，主要是与消耗溴硝酚的硫醇反应较慢。在没有氧气的情况下，溴硝酚与硫醇的反应被消耗，最终导致溴硝酚从处理过的悬浮液中移出并恢复生长。

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Antibacterial action of 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (bronopol).

Patterns of growth inhibition of Escherichia coli in the presence of 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (bronopol) indicate a period of biocide-induced bacteriostasis followed by growth at an inhibited rate. The length of the bacteriostatic period, but not the subsequent growth inhibition, was reduced by the addition of excess cysteine. Patterns of growth inhibition were unaffected by catalase or superoxide dismutase. The bactericidal concentrations (100 to 500 micrograms/ml) were considerably in excess of the MIC (13 micrograms/ml) and generally produced first-order reductions in viability. Bactericidal activity was considerably reduced by anoxic conditions and by the presence of catalase or superoxide dismutase. Results indicate that there are two distinct reactions between bronopol and thiols. Under aerobic conditions, bronopol catalytically oxidizes thiol-containing materials such as cysteine, with atmospheric oxygen as the final oxidant. By-products of this reaction are active oxygen species such as superoxide and peroxide, which are directly responsible for the bactericidal activity of the compound and for the reduced growth rate after the bacteriostatic period. The latter effect probably results from the oxidation of intracellular thiols such as glutathione and cysteine. Catalytic oxidation of thiols in the presence of excess thiol leads to the creation of an anoxic state. Under these conditions, the slower reaction with thiols, which consumes bronopol, predominates. Consumption of bronopol by its reaction with thiols, without the involvement of oxygen, leads to the eventual removal of bronopol from treated suspensions and the resumption of growth.

更新日期：2019-11-01

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