Complacency, or sub-optimal monitoring of automation performance, has been cited as a contributing factor in numerous major transportation and medical incidents. Researchers are working to identify individual differences that correlate with complacency as one strategy for preventing complacency-related accidents. Automation-induced complacency potential is an individual difference reflecting a general tendency to be complacent across a wide variety of situations which is similar to, but distinct from trust. Accurately assessing complacency potential may improve our ability to predict and prevent complacency in safety-critical occupations. Much past research has employed an existing measure of complacency potential. However, in the 25 years since that scale was published, our conceptual understanding of complacency itself has evolved, and we propose that an updated scale of complacency potential is needed. The goal of the present study was to develop, and provide initial validation evidence for, a new measure of automation-induced complacency potential that parallels the current conceptualization of complacency. In a sample of 475 online respondents, we tested 10 new items and found that they clustered into two separate scales: Alleviating Workload (which focuses on attitudes about the use of automation to ease workloads) and Monitoring (which focuses on attitudes toward monitoring of automation). Alleviating workload correlated moderately with the existing complacency potential rating scale, while monitoring did not. Further, both the alleviating workload and monitoring scales showed discriminant validity from the previous complacency potential scale and from similar constructs, such as propensity to trust. In an initial examination of criterion-related validity, only the monitoring-focused scale had a significant relationship with hypothetical complacency (r = -0.42, p < 0.01), and it had significant incremental validity over and above all other individual difference measures in the study. These results suggest that our new monitoring-related items have potential for use as a measure of automation-induced complacency potential and, compared with similar scales, this new measure may have unique value.

中文翻译：

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自动化引发的自满情绪：新量表的开发和验证。

自满情绪或对自动化性能的次优监控被认为是许多重大交通和医疗事故的一个促成因素。研究人员正在努力找出与自满情绪相关的个体差异，作为预防与自满情绪相关的事故的一种策略。自动化引起的自满潜力是一种个体差异，反映了在各种情况下自满的普遍趋势，这与信任相似但又不同。准确评估自满情绪的潜力可以提高我们预测和防止安全关键职业中自满情绪的能力。过去的许多研究都采用了现有的自满潜力衡量标准。然而，自该量表发布以来的 25 年里，我们对自满情绪本身的概念理解已经发生了变化，我们建议需要更新自满潜力的量表。本研究的目标是开发一种新的自动化引发的自满潜力衡量标准，并提供初步验证证据，该衡量标准与当前的自满概念相一致。在 475 名在线受访者的样本中，我们测试了 10 个新项目，发现它们聚集成两个不同的量表：减轻工作量（重点关注对使用自动化来减轻工作量的态度）和监控（重点关注对监控自动化的态度） ）。减轻工作量与现有的自满情绪潜在评级量表适度相关，而监控则不然。此外，减轻工作量和监控量表都显示出与之前的自满潜在量表和类似结构（例如信任倾向）有区别的有效性。在对标准相关效度的初步检查中，只有以监测为重点的量表与假设的自满感具有显着关系（r = -0.42，p < 0.01），并且它比所有其他个体差异测量具有显着的增量效度。学习。这些结果表明，我们新的监控相关项目有可能用作自动化引发的自满情绪的衡量标准，并且与类似的规模相比，这种新衡量标准可能具有独特的价值。