线粒体膜电位与ROS形成之间的关系。,Methods in Molecular Biology

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线粒体膜电位与ROS形成之间的关系。
Methods in Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2018-06-01 , DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7831-1_22
Jan Suski _{1,

2} , Magdalena Lebiedzinska ₁ , Massimo Bonora ₂ , Paolo Pinton ₂ , Jerzy Duszynski ₁ , Mariusz R Wieckowski ₁

Affiliation

线粒体被认为是细胞中活性氧（ROS）的主要来源。因此，它们被认为是各种病理状况以及衰老的来源。ROS产生速率的慢性增加是DNA，蛋白质和脂质中与ROS相关的损伤积累的原因，并且可能导致进行性细胞功能障碍，并因此导致细胞凋亡，从而增加了生物体病理状况的总体可能性。超氧阴离子是线粒体氧化磷酸化的主要副产物。它的产生是由线粒体呼吸链中的电子泄漏以及这些电子与O2的反应触发的。线粒体基质中的超氧化物歧化酶（MnSOD，SOD2）以及线粒体超氧化物歧化酶（Cu / ZnSOD，线粒体内膜空间中少量存在的SOD1）将超氧阴离子转化为过氧化氢，然后可通过过氧化氢酶将其转化为无害的H2O。在本章中，我们描述了线粒体膜电位与ROS形成速率之间的关系。我们提出了适用于分离的线粒体或完整细胞的不同方法。我们还提出了表明线粒体ROS产生量的大小和方向（增加或减少）取决于该细胞器的代谢状态的实验。我们提出了适用于分离的线粒体或完整细胞的不同方法。我们还提出了表明线粒体ROS产生量的大小和方向（增加或减少）取决于该细胞器的代谢状态的实验。我们提出了适用于分离的线粒体或完整细胞的不同方法。我们还提出了表明线粒体ROS产生量的大小和方向（增加或减少）取决于该细胞器的代谢状态的实验。

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Relation Between Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and ROS Formation.

Mitochondria are considered the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell. For this reason they have been recognized as a source of various pathological conditions as well as aging. Chronic increase in the rate of ROS production is responsible for the accumulation of ROS-associated damages in DNA, proteins, and lipids and may result in progressive cell dysfunctions and, in a consequence, apoptosis, increasing the overall probability of an organism's pathological conditions. The superoxide anion is the main undesired by-product of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Its production is triggered by a leak of electrons from the mitochondrial respiratory chain and the reaction of these electrons with O2. Superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) from the mitochondrial matrix, as well as superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD, SOD1) present in small amounts in the mitochondrial intramembrane space, converts superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, which can be then converted by catalase to harmless H2O.In the chapter we describe a relation between mitochondrial membrane potential and the rate of ROS formation. We present different methods applicable for isolated mitochondria or intact cells. We also present experiments demonstrating that a magnitude and a direction (increase or decrease) of a change in mitochondrial ROS production depend on the metabolic state of this organelle.

更新日期：2019-11-01

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