植物生长调节剂与植物谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）的调节和功能相互作用。,Hormones and Transport Systems

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植物生长调节剂与植物谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）的调节和功能相互作用。
Hormones and Transport Systems Pub Date : 2006-02-24 , DOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(05)72005-7
Ann Moons ₁

Affiliation

植物谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GSTs）是多功能蛋白质的异源超家族，分为六类。tau（GSTU）和phi（GSTF）类GST是最具代表性的GST，它们是植物特有的，而较小的theta（GSTT）和zeta（GSTZ）类也存在于动物中。λGST（GSTL）和脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（DHAR）之间的距离更远。植物GST在正常植物发育和植物胁迫反应中执行各种关键的催化和非酶功能，这些作用只是新兴的。催化功能包括在除草剂和天然产物的代谢解毒中的谷胱甘肽（GSH）结合。GST还可以催化GSH依赖的过氧化物酶反应，以清除有毒的有机氢过氧化物并保护其免受氧化损伤。GST还可以在内源性代谢中催化GSH依赖性异构化，表现出GSH依赖性巯基转移酶保护蛋白功能免受氧化损伤，而DHAR活性在氧化还原稳态中起作用。植物GST还可以充当植物激素（例如生长素和细胞分裂素）或花色素苷的配体蛋白或结合蛋白，从而促进其分布和运输。最后，GST也间接参与细胞凋亡的调节，也可能间接参与应激信号传导。植物GST基因在生物和非生物胁迫下表现出多种表达模式。胁迫诱导的植物生长调节剂（即茉莉酸[JA]，水杨酸[SA]，乙烯[ETH]和一氧化氮[NO]差异激活GST基因表达。越来越明显的是，来自各种植物激素和活性氧或抗氧化剂的多个通常相互作用的信号传导途径的独特组合，使得单个GST在胁迫过程中具有独特的转录激活模式。低估了各个GST的转录后法规，并且在这些过程中植物激素（即ABA和JA）的作用也得到了预期。最后，有迹象表明，NO可能会调节特定植物GST的活性。在这篇综述中，涵盖了有关植物激素与植物GST调控和功能相互作用的最新知识。我们参考了以前对植物GST进行的广泛审查（Marrs，1996年），以便进行更早的工作。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

Regulatory and functional interactions of plant growth regulators and plant glutathione S-transferases (GSTs).

Plant glutathioneS-transferases (GSTs) are a heterogeneous superfamily of multifunctional proteins, grouped into six classes. The tau (GSTU) and phi (GSTF) class GSTs are the most represented ones and are plant-specific, whereas the smaller theta (GSTT) and zeta (GSTZ) classes are also found in animals. The lambda GSTs (GSTL) and the dehydroascorbate reductases (DHARs) are more distantly related. Plant GSTs perform a variety of pivotal catalytic and non-enzymatic functions in normal plant development and plant stress responses, roles that are only emerging. Catalytic functions include glutathione (GSH)-conjugation in the metabolic detoxification of herbicides and natural products. GSTs can also catalyze GSH-dependent peroxidase reactions that scavenge toxic organic hydroperoxides and protect from oxidative damage. GSTs can furthermore catalyze GSH-dependent isomerizations in endogenous metabolism, exhibit GSH-dependent thioltransferase safeguarding protein function from oxidative damage and DHAR activity functioning in redox homeostasis. Plant GSTs can also function as ligandins or binding proteins for phytohormones (i.e., auxins and cytokinins) or anthocyanins, thereby facilitating their distribution and transport. Finally, GSTs are also indirectly involved in the regulation of apoptosis and possibly also in stress signaling. Plant GST genes exhibit a diversity of expression patterns during biotic and abiotic stresses. Stress-induced plant growth regulators (i.e., jasmonic acid [JA], salicylic acid [SA], ethylene [ETH], and nitric oxide [NO] differentially activate GST gene expression. It is becoming increasingly evident that unique combinations of multiple, often interactive signaling pathways from various phytohormones and reactive oxygen species or antioxidants render the distinct transcriptional activation patterns of individual GSTs during stress. Underestimated post-transcriptional regulations of individual GSTs are becoming increasingly evident and roles for phytohormones (i.e., ABA and JA) in these processes are being anticipated as well. Finally, indications are emerging that NO may regulate the activity of specific plant GSTs. In this review, the current knowledge on the regulatory and functional interactions of phytohormones and plant GSTs are covered. We refer to a previous extensive review on plant GSTs (Marrs, 1996) for most earlier work. An introduction on the classification and roles of plant GSTs is included here, but these topics are more extensively discussed in other reviews (Dixon et al., 2002a; Edwards et al., 2000; Frova, 2003).

更新日期：2019-11-01

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