OBJECTIVE To investigate the technique of repeated operation for removement of polyacrylamide hydrogel from breast. METHODS 17 cases after uncomplete removement of PHG were reoperated through inferior periareolar incision. The PHG and affected denatured muscle and gland tissue were removed. RESULTS Preoperative MRI or CT showed PHG distributed diffusely in muscle and gland. There was only minimal residual PHG after operation. Histological examination showed PHG distributed in the denatured and proliferative fibrous tissue, including giant cells, many neutrophilic cells infiltration, and foreign body granuloma. The symptoms, such as intramammary pump or nodule, chest and back pain, infection, were relieved after operation. CONCLUSIONS Blinded suction technique can not remove PHG completely and can also result in malposition of PHG and make the tissue denaturation worse. We suggest open approach to remove the PHG and denatured tissue completely through periareolar incision.

中文翻译：

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去除乳房中聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶的重复操作

目的探讨反复手术从乳房中去除聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶的技术。方法将17例未完全切除PHG的患者通过下乳晕周围切口再次手术。去除PHG和受影响的变性肌肉和腺组织。结果术前MRI或CT显示PHG散布在肌肉和腺体中。手术后只有很少的残留PHG。组织学检查显示PHG分布在变性和增生的纤维组织中，包括巨大细胞，许多嗜中性细胞浸润和异物肉芽肿。术后如乳房内泵或结节，胸背疼痛，感染等症状得到缓解。结论盲吸技术不能完全清除PHG，还可能导致PHG错位，并使组织变性恶化。我们建议采用开放式方法通过乳晕周围切口完全去除PHG和变性组织。