第二种酪氨酸酶相关蛋白 TRP-2 是一种黑色素生成酶，称为多巴色素互变异构酶。,The EMBO Journal

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第二种酪氨酸酶相关蛋白 TRP-2 是一种黑色素生成酶，称为多巴色素互变异构酶。
The EMBO Journal ( IF 9.4 ) Pub Date : 1992-02-01 , DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05082.x
K Tsukamoto ₁ , I J Jackson , K Urabe , P M Montague , V J Hearing

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哺乳动物黑色素的产生需要酪氨酸酶，一种将氨基酸酪氨酸羟基化为多巴（3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸）的酶，从而允许合成生物聚合物所需的级联反应。然而，在酪氨酸酶的作用下，还有其他调节步骤可以调节产生的黑色素的数量和质量。多巴色素互变异构酶是一种这样的黑色素生成酶，它将色素中间体多巴色素异构化为 DHICA（5,6-二羟基吲哚-2-羧酸）而不是 DHI（5,6-二羟基吲哚），后者会自发产生。因此，这种酶调节一个开关，该开关控制黑色素生物聚合物中羧化亚基的比例。克隆酪氨酸酶基因的努力已导致分离出具有显着同源性并编码具有相似预测结构特征的蛋白质的酪氨酸酶相关基因家族。使用针对由其中几种蛋白质的独特区域编码的合成肽产生的特异性抗体，我们对它们进行了免疫亲和纯化，并研究了它们的黑色素催化功能。我们现在报告 TRP-2（酪氨酸酶相关蛋白 2），它映射到小鼠 slaty 基因座并在其突变，编码具有多巴色素互变异构酶活性的蛋白质。我们对它们进行了免疫亲和纯化，并研究了它们的黑色素催化功能。我们现在报告 TRP-2（酪氨酸酶相关蛋白 2），它映射到小鼠 slaty 基因座并在其突变，编码具有多巴色素互变异构酶活性的蛋白质。我们对它们进行了免疫亲和纯化，并研究了它们的黑色素催化功能。我们现在报告 TRP-2（酪氨酸酶相关蛋白 2），它映射到小鼠 slaty 基因座并在其突变，编码具有多巴色素互变异构酶活性的蛋白质。

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A second tyrosinase-related protein, TRP-2, is a melanogenic enzyme termed DOPAchrome tautomerase.

The production of melanin pigment in mammals requires tyrosinase, an enzyme which hydroxylates the amino acid tyrosine to DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), thus allowing the cascade of reactions necessary to synthesize that biopolymer. However, there are other regulatory steps that follow the action of tyrosinase and modulate the quantity and quality of the melanin produced. DOPAchrome tautomerase is one such melanogenic enzyme that isomerizes the pigmented intermediate DOPAchrome to DHICA (5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid) rather than to DHI (5,6-dihydroxyindole), which would be generated spontaneously. This enzyme thus regulates a switch that controls the proportion of carboxylated subunits in the melanin biopolymer. Efforts to clone the gene for tyrosinase have resulted in the isolation of a family of tyrosinase related genes which have significant homology and encode proteins with similar predicted structural characteristics. Using specific antibodies generated against synthetic peptides encoded by unique areas of several of those proteins, we have immuno-affinity purified them and studied their melanogenic catalytic functions. We now report that TRP-2 (tyrosinase related protein-2), which maps to and is mutated at the slaty locus in mice, encodes a protein with DOPAchrome tautomerase activity.

更新日期：2019-11-01

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