链格孢菌重新定义。,Studies in Mycology

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链格孢菌重新定义。
Studies in Mycology ( IF 14.1 ) Pub Date : 2014-05-21 , DOI: 10.3114/sim0015
J H C Woudenberg ₁ , J Z Groenewald , M Binder , P W Crous

Affiliation

链格孢是一种普遍存在的真菌属，包括与多种底物相关的腐生、内生和致病物种。近年来，基于 DNA 的研究揭示了链格孢复合体中的多个非单系属，以及根据形态特征并不总是与物种群相关的链格孢属物种进化枝。链格孢综合体目前包括九个属和八个链格孢属部分。本研究的目的是根据 18S nrDNA、28S nrDNA、ITS、GAPDH、RPB2 和 TEF1-α 基因区域的部分核苷酸序列数据，描绘链格孢属和相关属内的系统发育谱系。我们的数据揭示了一个Pleospora / Stemphylium进化枝是Embellisia annulata的姐妹，以及一个得到良好支持的链格孢属进化枝。链格孢属进化枝包含 24 个内部进化枝和 6 个单型谱系，我们将其组合为链格孢属。这把属Allewia , Brachycladium , Chalastospora , Chmelia , Crivellia , Embellisia , Lewia , Nimbya , Sinomyces , Teretispora , Ulocladium , Undifilum和Ybotromyces与链格孢属同义词。在这项研究中，我们将链格孢菌群中的 24 个内部进化枝视为部分，这是最近提出的对链格孢菌谱系进行分类处理的提议的延续。Embellisia annulata与Dendryphiella salina同义，与Dendryphiella arenarariae 一起归入 Paradendryphiella新属。以前与链格孢有联系的有性属Clathrospora和Comoclathris聚集在Pleosporaceae内, 在链格孢属 S. 海峡 , 而链格孢属 , 以前被视为链格孢的一部分, 簇生在细球菌科中 . 新描述了Pardendryphiella，修改了Alternaria的属名，提出了32个新组合和10个新名称。复活了另外 10 个名称，同时提供了 16 个新链格孢属部分的描述。

分类新奇：新组合——链格孢（EG Simmons）Woudenb。& Crous，Alternaria alternariae (Cooke) Woudenb。& Crous，Alternaria atra (Preuss) Woudenb。& Crous，Alternariabornemuelleri (Magnus) Woudenb。& Crous,链格孢菌(Preuss) Woudenb。& Crous, Alternaria caespitosa (de Hoog & C. Rubio) Woudenb。& Crous,链格孢(Yong Wang bis & XG Zhang) Woudenb. & Crous,链格孢菌(EG Simmons) Woudenb。& Crous, Alternaria cinerea (Baucom & Creamer) Woudenb。& Crous,链格孢菌（Munt.-Cvetk。）Woudenb。& Crous，Alternaria fulva (Baucom & Creamer) Woudenb。& Crous, Alternaria hyacinthi (de Hoog & PJ Mull. bis) Woudenb. & Crous,链格孢(EG Simmons) Woudenberg & Crous,链格孢(EG Simmons & CF Hill) Woudenberg。& Crous，Alternaria lolii (EG Simmons & CF Hill) Woudenb。& Crous，多形链格孢（EG Simmons）Woudenb。& Crous, Alternaria obclavata (Crous & U. Braun) Woudenb。& Crous，交链格孢（EG Simmons）Woudenb。& Crous, Alternaria oudemansii (EG Simmons) Woudenb。和克劳斯，嗜酸链格孢（Q. Wang, Nagao & Kakish.） Woudenb。& Crous，链格孢（Corda）Woudenb。& Crous, Alternaria planifunda (EG Simmons) Woudenb。& Crous,链格孢(EG Simmons) Woudenb。& Crous, Alternaria scirpinfestans (EG Simmons & DA Johnson) Woudenb。& Crous, Alternaria scirpivora (EG Simmons & DA Johnson) Woudenb。& Crous，斑孢链格孢（Preuss）Woudenb。& Crous, Alternaria slovaca (Svob.-Pol., L. Chmel & Bojan.) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria subcucurbitae (Yong Wang bis & XG Zhang) Woudenb. & Crous,链格孢菌（EG 西蒙斯）Woudenb。& Crous，Alternaria tumida (EG Simmons) Woudenb。& Crous, Paradendryphiella salina (GK Sutherl.) Woudenb。& Crous, Paradendryphiella areariae (Nicot) Woudenb。&克劳斯。新名称——Alternaria aspera Woudenb。& Crous,链格孢菌Woudenb。& Crous,链格孢-pekinensis Woudenb。& Crous，Alternaria breviramosa Woudenb。& Crous，衣原体链格孢属Woudenb。& Crous，链格孢属 Woudenb。& Crous，链格孢属 Woudenb。& Crous,链格孢菌伍登 & Crous，交链格孢菌 Woudenb。& Crous，黑斑病菌 Woudenb。&克劳斯。复活的名称– Alternaria cetera EG Simmons、Alternaria chartarum Preuss、Alternaria consortialis (Thüm.) JW Groves & S. Hughes、Alternaria cucurbitae Letendre & Roum.、Alternaria dennisii MB Ellis、Alternaria eureka EG Simmons、Alternaria gomphrenae Togashi、Alternaria malorum (Ruehle ) U. Braun、Crous & Dugan、Alternaria phragmospora Emden、Alternaria scirpicola (Fuckel) Sivan。新版块，尽在链格孢属- 教派。Chalastospora Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Cheiranthus Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Crivellia Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Dianthicola Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Embellisia Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Embellisioides Woudenb. & Crous，教派。尤里卡·沃登 b. & Crous，教派。Infectoriae Woudenb. & Crous，教派。粳稻Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Nimbya Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Phragmosporae Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Pseudoulocladium Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Teretispora Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Ulocladioides Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Ulocladium Woudenb. & Crous，教派。Undifilum Woudenb. &克劳斯。新属– Paradendryphiella Woudenb。&克劳斯。

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Alternaria redefined.

Alternaria is a ubiquitous fungal genus that includes saprobic, endophytic and pathogenic species associated with a wide variety of substrates. In recent years, DNA-based studies revealed multiple non-monophyletic genera within the Alternaria complex, and Alternaria species clades that do not always correlate to species-groups based on morphological characteristics. The Alternaria complex currently comprises nine genera and eight Alternaria sections. The aim of this study was to delineate phylogenetic lineages within Alternaria and allied genera based on nucleotide sequence data of parts of the 18S nrDNA, 28S nrDNA, ITS, GAPDH, RPB2 and TEF1-alpha gene regions. Our data reveal a Pleospora/Stemphylium clade sister to Embellisia annulata, and a well-supported Alternaria clade. The Alternaria clade contains 24 internal clades and six monotypic lineages, the assemblage of which we recognise as Alternaria. This puts the genera Allewia, Brachycladium, Chalastospora, Chmelia, Crivellia, Embellisia, Lewia, Nimbya, Sinomyces, Teretispora, Ulocladium, Undifilum and Ybotromyces in synonymy with Alternaria. In this study, we treat the 24 internal clades in the Alternaria complex as sections, which is a continuation of a recent proposal for the taxonomic treatment of lineages in Alternaria. Embellisia annulata is synonymised with Dendryphiella salina, and together with Dendryphiella arenariae, are placed in the new genus Paradendryphiella. The sexual genera Clathrospora and Comoclathris, which were previously associated with Alternaria, cluster within the Pleosporaceae, outside Alternaria s. str., whereas Alternariaster, a genus formerly seen as part of Alternaria, clusters within the Leptosphaeriaceae. Paradendryphiella is newly described, the generic circumscription of Alternaria is emended, and 32 new combinations and 10 new names are proposed. A further 10 names are resurrected, while descriptions are provided for 16 new Alternaria sections.

Taxonomic novelties: New combinations – Alternaria abundans (E.G. Simmons) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria alternariae (Cooke) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria atra (Preuss) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria bornmuelleri (Magnus) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria botrytis (Preuss) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria caespitosa (de Hoog & C. Rubio) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria cantlous (Yong Wang bis & X.G. Zhang) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria caricis (E.G. Simmons) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria cinerea (Baucom & Creamer) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria didymospora (Munt.-Cvetk.) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria fulva (Baucom & Creamer) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria hyacinthi (de Hoog & P.J. Mull. bis) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria indefessa (E.G. Simmons) Woudenberg & Crous, Alternaria leptinellae (E.G. Simmons & C.F. Hill) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria lolii (E.G. Simmons & C.F. Hill) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria multiformis (E.G. Simmons) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria obclavata (Crous & U. Braun) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria obovoidea (E.G. Simmons) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria oudemansii (E.G. Simmons) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria oxytropis (Q. Wang, Nagao & Kakish.) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria penicillata (Corda) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria planifunda (E.G. Simmons) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria proteae (E.G. Simmons) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria scirpinfestans (E.G. Simmons & D.A. Johnson) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria scirpivora (E.G. Simmons & D.A. Johnson) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria septospora (Preuss) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria slovaca (Svob.-Pol., L. Chmel & Bojan.) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria subcucurbitae (Yong Wang bis & X.G. Zhang) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria tellustris (E.G. Simmons) Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria tumida (E.G. Simmons) Woudenb. & Crous, Paradendryphiella salina (G.K. Sutherl.) Woudenb. & Crous, Paradendryphiella arenariae (Nicot) Woudenb. & Crous. New names – Alternaria aspera Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria botryospora Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria brassicae-pekinensis Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria breviramosa Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria chlamydosporigena Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria concatenata Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria embellisia Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria heterospora Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria papavericola Woudenb. & Crous, Alternaria terricola Woudenb. & Crous. Resurrected names – Alternaria cetera E.G. Simmons, Alternaria chartarum Preuss, Alternaria consortialis (Thüm.) J.W. Groves & S. Hughes, Alternaria cucurbitae Letendre & Roum., Alternaria dennisii M.B. Ellis, Alternaria eureka E.G. Simmons, Alternaria gomphrenae Togashi, Alternaria malorum (Ruehle) U. Braun, Crous & Dugan, Alternaria phragmospora Emden, Alternaria scirpicola (Fuckel) Sivan. New sections, all in Alternaria – sect. Chalastospora Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Cheiranthus Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Crivellia Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Dianthicola Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Embellisia Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Embellisioides Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Eureka Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Infectoriae Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Japonicae Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Nimbya Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Phragmosporae Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Pseudoulocladium Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Teretispora Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Ulocladioides Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Ulocladium Woudenb. & Crous, sect. Undifilum Woudenb. & Crous. New genus – Paradendryphiella Woudenb. & Crous.

更新日期：2014-05-21

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