Ionic liquids were recently found to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C10mim]Br) on oxidative stress and DNA damage in zebrafish. Male and female zebrafish were separated and exposed to five concentrations of [C10mim]Br (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg L(-1)) and were sampled on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. Compared to control groups, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly decreased at most exposure intervals. This decreased activity resulted in the production of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in zebrafish liver. Additionally, it was noteworthy that a clear dose-response was found for DNA damage. As for sex differences, significant differences in catalase (CAT) and ROS were found on the 7th day. In conclusion, the exposure of [C10mim]Br caused DNA damage, leading to antioxidant responses in zebrafish livers.

中文翻译：

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1-癸基-3-甲基咪唑鎓溴化物离子液体对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）肝脏抗氧化酶系统和DNA的毒性作用。

最近发现离子液体对水生生物有毒。因此，本研究调查了1-癸基-3-甲基咪唑鎓溴化物（[C10mim] Br）对斑马鱼氧化应激和DNA损伤的影响。将雄性和雌性斑马鱼分开并暴露于五种浓度的[C10mim] Br（0、5、10、20和40 mg L（-1）），并在第7、14、21和28天取样。组，在大多数暴露时间间隔内，抗氧化酶的活性显着下降。活性降低导致斑马鱼肝脏中产生过量的活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛（MDA）含量增加。另外，值得注意的是，发现了对DNA损伤的明确剂量反应。至于性别差异，在第7天发现过氧化氢酶（CAT）和ROS有显着差异。