The great site of Valencina de la Concepción, near Seville in the lower Guadalquivir valley of southwest Spain, is presented in the context of debate about the nature of Copper Age society in southern Iberia as a whole. Many aspects of the layout, use, character and development of Valencina remain unclear, just as there are major unresolved questions about the kind of society represented there and in southern Iberia, from the late fourth to the late third millennium cal BC. This paper discusses 178 radiocarbon dates, from 17 excavated sectors within the c. 450 ha site, making it the best dated in later Iberian prehistory as a whole. Dates are modelled in a Bayesian statistical framework. The resulting formal date estimates provide the basis for both a new epistemological approach to the site and a much more detailed narrative of its development than previously available. Beginning in the 32nd century cal BC, a long-lasting tradition of simple, mainly collective and often successive burial was established at the site. Mud-vaulted tholoi appear to belong to the 29th or 28th centuries cal BC; large stone-vaulted tholoi such as La Pastora appear to date later in the sequence. There is plenty of evidence for a wide range of other activity, but no clear sign of permanent, large-scale residence or public buildings or spaces. Results in general support a model of increasingly competitive but ultimately unstable social relations, through various phases of emergence, social competition, display and hierarchisation, and eventual decline, over a period of c. 900 years.

中文翻译：

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集合死者，聚集生活：铜时代的放射性碳年代测定和贝叶斯建模Valencina de laConcepción（西班牙塞维利亚）。

在整个西班牙伊比利亚南部关于铜器时代社会性质的辩论中，介绍了西班牙西南部瓜达尔基维尔河谷下部塞维利亚附近的瓦伦西纳·德拉孔塞普西翁的伟大遗址。瓦伦西亚的布局，用途，特征和发展的许多方面仍不清楚，正如公元前四世纪末至三千年末，那里和伊比利亚南部地区所代表的社会类型存在重大悬而未决的问题。本文讨论了来自c地区17个发掘部门的178个放射性碳数据。占地450公顷，是整个伊比利亚史前史上最好的遗址。日期在贝叶斯统计框架中建模。由此产生的正式日期估计为该场所的新认识论方法和其发展过程提供了比以前更详尽的叙​​述基础。从公元前32世纪开始，该地区建立了长期的传统，即简单，主要是集体葬礼，而且通常是连续葬礼。泥状拱顶似乎属于公元前29世纪或28世纪。大型的拱形拱顶索洛伊（例如La Pastora）出现在该序列的后期。有许多其他活动的证据，但没有永久性，大规模居住或公共建筑或空间的明显迹象。总体而言，结果通过出现，社交竞争，展示和阶层化以及最终衰落的各个阶段，为竞争日益激烈但最终不稳定的社会关系提供了一种模式，在一段时间内 900年。