A natural bromophenol found in seaweeds, 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB), has been shown to possess antioxidant effects. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which BDB protects skin cells subjected to oxidative stress. The effect of BDB on the protein and mRNA levels of glutathione-related enzymes and the cell survival of human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) was investigated. BDB treatment increased the protein and mRNA levels of glutathione synthesizing enzymes and enhanced the production of reduced glutathione in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, BDB activated NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and promoted its localization into the nucleus by phosphorylating its up-stream signaling proteins, extracellular signal-regulated kinase and protein kinase B. Thus, BDB increased the production of reduced glutathione and established cellular protection against oxidative stress via an Nrf2-mediated pathway.

中文翻译：

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3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde通过Nrf2介导的人类角质形成细胞中的途径增加还原型谷胱甘肽的水平。

在海藻中发现的天然溴酚3-溴-4,5-二羟基苯甲醛（BDB）具有抗氧化作用。这项研究旨在研究BDB保护遭受氧化应激的皮肤细胞的机制。研究了BDB对谷胱甘肽相关酶蛋白和mRNA水平以及人角质形成细胞（HaCaT细胞）存活率的影响。BDB处理增加了HaCaT细胞中谷胱甘肽合成酶的蛋白质和mRNA水平，并增强了还原型谷胱甘肽的产生。此外，BDB激活了NF-E2相关因子2（Nrf2），并通过磷酸化其上游信号蛋白，细胞外信号调节激酶和蛋白激酶B来促进其在细胞核中的定位。