1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is a non-protein amino acid acting as the direct precursor of ethylene, a plant hormone regulating a wide variety of vegetative and developmental processes. ACC is the central molecule of ethylene biosynthesis. The rate of ACC formation differs in response to developmental, hormonal and environmental cues. ACC can be conjugated to three derivatives, metabolized in planta or by rhizobacteria using ACC deaminase, and is transported throughout the plant over short and long distances, remotely leading to ethylene responses. This review highlights some recent advances related to ACC. These include the regulation of ACC synthesis, conjugation and deamination, evidence for a role of ACC as an ethylene-independent signal, short and long range ACC transport, and the identification of a first ACC transporter. Although unraveling the complex mechanism of ACC transport is in its infancy, new questions emerge together with the identification of a first transporter. In the light of the future quest for additional ACC transporters, this review presents perspectives of the novel findings and includes considerations for future research toward applications in agronomy.

中文翻译：

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1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）在植物中的积累和运输：现状，对未来研究和农艺应用的考虑。

1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）是一种非蛋白质氨基酸，可作为乙烯的直接前体，乙烯是一种调节各种营养和发育过程的植物激素。ACC是乙烯生物合成的核心分子。ACC形成的速率因发育，激素和环境提示而异。ACC可以与三种衍生物缀合，可以在植物中代谢或通过根瘤菌使用ACC脱氨酶代谢，并且可以短距离和长距离运输到整个植物中，从而导致乙烯反应。这篇综述重点介绍了与ACC相关的一些最新进展。这些包括对ACC合成，结合和脱氨基的调节，ACC作为乙烯独立信号的作用的证据，短距离和长距离ACC转运，以及第一个ACC转运蛋白的鉴定。尽管了解ACC运输的复杂机制尚处于起步阶段，但随着第一个运输者的确定，新的问题浮出水面。鉴于将来对其他ACC转运蛋白的需求，本综述提出了新发现的观点，并包括了对未来在农学应用中的研究的考虑。