BACKGROUND The present study investigated the antibacterial activity and underlying mechanisms of ginkgolic acid (GA) C15:1 monomer using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled bacteria strains. RESULTS GA presented significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria but generally did not affect the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. The studies of the antibacterial mechanism indicated that large amounts of GA (C15:1) could penetrate GFP-labeled Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a short period of time, and as a result, led to the quenching of GFP in bacteria. In vitro results demonstrated that GA (C15:1) could inhibit the activity of multiple proteins including DNA polymerase. In vivo results showed that GA (C15:1) could significantly inhibit the biosynthesis of DNA, RNA and B. amyloliquefaciens proteins. CONCLUSION We speculated that GA (C15:1) achieved its antibacterial effect through inhibiting the protein activity of B. amyloliquefaciens. GA (C15:1) could not penetrate Gram-negative bacteria in large amounts, and the lipid soluble components in the bacterial cell wall could intercept GA (C15:1), which was one of the primary reasons that GA (C15:1) did not have a significant antibacterial effect on Gram-negative bacteria.

中文翻译：

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银杏酸C15：1的抗菌活性及其作用机理。

背景技术本研究利用绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）标记的细菌菌株研究了银杏酸（GA）C15：1单体的抗菌活性及其潜在机理。结果GA表现出对革兰氏阳性细菌的显着抗菌活性，但通常不影响革兰氏阴性细菌的生长。抗菌机理的研究表明，大量的GA（C15：1）可以在很短的时间内穿透GFP标记的解淀粉芽孢杆菌，从而导致GFP在细菌中的淬灭。体外结果表明，GA（C15：1）可以抑制包括DNA聚合酶在内的多种蛋白质的活性。体内结果表明，GA（C15：1）可以显着抑制DNA，RNA和解淀粉芽孢杆菌蛋白质的生物合成。结论我们推测GA（C15：1）通过抑制解淀粉芽孢杆菌的蛋白质活性达到了其抗菌作用。GA（C15：1）不能大量渗透革兰氏阴性菌，细菌细胞壁中的脂溶性成分可以拦截GA（C15：1），这是GA（C15：1）的主要原因之一对革兰氏阴性细菌没有显着的抗菌作用。