人为因素设计 (DfHF)：一种将人因因素融入生产设计过程的扎根理论,Ergonomics

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人为因素设计 (DfHF)：一种将人因因素融入生产设计过程的扎根理论
Ergonomics ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2015-03-20 , DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2015.1022232
Judy Village ₁ , Cory Searcy , Filipo Salustri , W Patrick Neumann

Affiliation

“人为因素设计”扎根理论解释了人因因素 (HF)“如何”从被动的、受伤后的安全计划转变为主动融入生产设计过程的每个步骤。在与一家大型电子制造商的工程师和高频专家合作的纵向案例研究中，使用扎根理论方法分析了定性数据（例如会议、访谈、观察和反思）。该理论的核心原则是，当 HF 专家适应工程流程、语言和工具，并在战略上使 HF 与组织的设计和业务目标保持一致时，HF 就成为提高业务绩效的一种手段。这导致工程师将 HF 专家“拉入”他们的团队。HF 目标被用于工程工具，以定量地传达 HF 问题，推动持续改进，明显地展示变化并导致基准化。高级管理层将 HF 作为关键绩效指标要求工程师负责，从而将 HF 整合到生产设计过程中。从业者总结：研究和实践缺乏关于如何在生产系统设计的早期集成 HF 的解释。这个为期三年的案例研究和衍生的理论展示了人体工程学如何改变他们的重点，以与设计和业务目标保持一致，以将 HF 集成到设计过程中。从业者总结：研究和实践缺乏关于如何在生产系统设计的早期集成 HF 的解释。这个为期三年的案例研究和衍生的理论展示了人体工程学如何改变他们的关注点以与设计和业务目标保持一致，以将 HF 集成到设计过程中。从业者总结：研究和实践缺乏关于如何在生产系统设计的早期集成 HF 的解释。这个为期三年的案例研究和衍生的理论展示了人体工程学如何改变他们的关注点以与设计和业务目标保持一致，以将 HF 集成到设计过程中。

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Design for human factors (DfHF): a grounded theory for integrating human factors into production design processes

The ‘design for human factors’ grounded theory explains ‘how’ human factors (HF) went from a reactive, after-injury programme in safety, to being proactively integrated into each step of the production design process. In this longitudinal case study collaboration with engineers and HF Specialists in a large electronics manufacturer, qualitative data (e.g. meetings, interviews, observations and reflections) were analysed using a grounded theory methodology. The central tenet in the theory is that when HF Specialists acclimated to the engineering process, language and tools, and strategically aligned HF to the design and business goals of the organisation, HF became a means to improve business performance. This led to engineers ‘pulling’ HF Specialists onto their team. HF targets were adopted into engineering tools to communicate HF concerns quantitatively, drive continuous improvement, visibly demonstrate change and lead to benchmarking. Senior management held engineers accountable for HF as a key performance indicator, thus integrating HF into the production design process. Practitioner Summary: Research and practice lack explanations about how HF can be integrated early in design of production systems. This three-year case study and the theory derived demonstrate how ergonomists changed their focus to align with design and business goals to integrate HF into the design process.

更新日期：2015-03-20

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