Synthetic alkyl lipids, such as the ether lipids edelfosine (1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and ohmline (1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-β-lactose), are forming a class of antitumor agents that target cell membranes to induce apoptosis and to decrease cell migration/invasion, leading to the inhibition of tumor and metastasis development. In this review, we present the structure-activity relationship of edelfosine and ohmline, and we point out differences and similarities between these two amphiphilic compounds. We also discuss the mechanisms of action of these synthetic alkyl ether lipids (involving, among other structures and molecules, membrane domains, Fas/CD95 death receptor signaling, and ion channels), and highlight a key role for lipid rafts in the underlying process. The reorganization of lipid raft membrane domains induced by these alkyl lipids affects the function of death receptors and ion channels, thus leading to apoptosis and/or inhibition of cancer cell migration. The possible therapeutic use of these alkyl lipids and the clinical perspectives for these lipids in prevention or/and treatment of tumor development and metastasis are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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烷基醚脂质，离子通道和脂质筏在癌症治疗中的重组。

合成的烷基脂质，例如醚脂质edefosine（1-O-十八烷基-2-O-甲基-rac-glycero-3-磷酸胆碱）和ohmline（1-O-十六烷基-2-O-甲基-rac-glycero- 3-β-乳糖）正在形成一类抗肿瘤剂，靶向细胞膜以诱导细胞凋亡并减少细胞迁移/侵袭，从而抑制肿瘤和转移的发生。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了依德福星和欧姆线的构效关系，并指出了这两种两亲化合物之间的区别和相似之处。我们还讨论了这些合成烷基醚脂质的作用机理（涉及其他结构和分子，膜结构域，Fas / CD95死亡受体信号传导和离子通道），并突出了脂质筏在基础过程中的关键作用。由这些烷基脂质诱导的脂质筏膜结构域的重组影响死亡受体和离子通道的功能，从而导致凋亡和/或抑制癌细胞迁移。还讨论了这些烷基脂质可能的治疗用途以及这些脂质在预防或/和治疗肿瘤发展和转移中的临床前景。