Foot & Ankle International, the official publication of the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society® (AOFAS®), is a monthly medical journal that emphasizes surgical and medical management as well as basic clinical research related to foot and ankle problems. In circulation since 1980, FAI offers peer-reviewed articles emphasizing surgical and medical management as well as basic clinical research related to foot and ankle problems. The journal focuses on the following areas of foot and ankle interests: surgery, trauma, anesthesia / pain management, arthritis, deformity, diabetes, infection, neuromuscular problems, orthotics and prosthetics, pediatric and adolescent problems, sports, and tumor and oncology rehabilitation.

Editor
David B. Thordarson, MD
Professor, Division of Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Managerial Board
Michael S. Aronow, MD
Clinical Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn School of Medicine; Orthopedic Associates of Hartford, Hartford CT, USA
James W. Brodsky, MD, Chair
Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UTSWMC) and Texas A&M Health Science College of Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
Thomas O. Clanton, MD
Director, Foot and Ankle Sports Medicine, The Steadman Clinic, Vail, CO, USA
Timothy R. Daniels, MD, FRCSC
Professor, St. Michael's Hospital Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
John S. Early, MD
Orthopedic Surgeon, Texas Orthopaedic Associates LLP, Dallas, TX, USA
James R. Holmes, MD
Service Chief, Associate Professor, Orthopaedic Surgery, Foot and Ankle, University of Michigan, South Main Orthopaedics, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Jeffrey E. Johnson, MD
Professor, Orthopaedic Surgery, Chief, Foot and Ankle Service, Director, Foot and Ankle Fellowship Program, Barnes-Jewish Hospital at Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
E. Greer Richardson, MD, ex-officio, Past Editor-in-Chief, FAI
Campbell Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA (retired)
Steven D.K. Ross, MD
FAOA retired professor of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
David B. Thordarson, MD, ex-officio, Editor-in-Chief, FAI and FAO
Professor, Division of Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Brian C. Toolan, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Director of Residency The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
Editorial Board
Kristian Buedts, MD
Foot and Ankle Unit, ZNA Middelheim, Antwerpen , Belgium
Christopher P. Chiodo, MD
Attending Orthopedic Surgeon and Chief of the Foot and Ankle Service, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
William R. Ledoux, PhD, ex officio
Dept. of Veteran Affairs, Rehabilitation Research & Development Ctr. for Limb Loss and MoBility (CLiMB) , Affiliate Prof., Depts. of Mechanical Engineering & Orthopaedics & Sports Med., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Michael S. Pinzur, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loyola University Health System, Maywood, IL, USA
Kodali S. Prasad, MD
Prince Charles Hospital, Merthyr Tydfil, Wales, UK
Robin M. Queen, PhD, FACSM, ex officio
Associate Professor, Dept of Biomedical Engineering & Mechanics; Director, Kevin P. Granata Biomechanics Lab, Virginia Tech; Associate Professor, Dept of Ortho Surgery, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, VA, USA
Charles L. Saltzman, MD
LS Peery Presidential Endowed Professor and Chair, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
David B. Thordarson, MD, Chair, Editor-in-Chief
Professor, Division of Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Robert A. Vander Griend, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Alastair S. E. Younger, MBChB, ChM, FRCSC
BC Foot and Ankle Clinic, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Electronic Media Editorial Board
Adam D. Bitterman, DO
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Foot and Ankle Specialist, Asst Professor, Ortho Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra / Northwell, Northwell Health Orthopaedic Institute, Huntington, NY
Cesar de Cesar Netto, MD, PhD
Asst Professor, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Iowa City, IA
Jonathan R.M. Kaplan, MD
Orthopaedic Specialty Institute, Orange, CA, USA
Christopher P. Miller, MD, MHS
Instructor, Foot and Ankle Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
Glenn G. Shi, MD
Asst Professor, Mayo Clinic Florida, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jacksonville, FL
Associate Editors
Christopher Bibbo, DO
Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, WI, USA
John T. Campbell, MD
The Institute for Foot and Ankle Reconstruction at Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
Steven L. Haddad, MD
Illinois Bone & Joint Institute, Glenview, IL, USA
Sheldon S. Lin, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers, the New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
Nicola Maffulli, MD, MS, PhD, FRCP, FRCS(Orth)
Sportsmed (UK) Ltd, London, UK
Michael S. Pinzur, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loyola University Health System, Maywood, IL, USA
Elly Trepman, MD
Professional Associate, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Adjunct Associate Professor, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, USA
Robert A. Vander Griend, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Arthur K. Walling, MD
Florida Orthopedic Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
Continuing Medical Education Assistant Editor
Patrick B. Ebeling, MD
Twin Cities Orthopedics, Burnsville, MN, USA
Current Concept Review Assistant Editors
Christopher P. Chiodo, MD
Attending Orthopedic Surgeon and Chief of the Foot and Ankle Service, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Brian C. Toolan, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Director of Residency The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
FootForum Assistant Editor
Michael S. Pinzur, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loyola University Health System, Maywood, IL, USA
Gait Studies Assistant Editor
Robin M. Queen, PhD, FACSM, ex officio
Associate Professor, Dept of Biomedical Engineering & Mechanics; Director, Kevin P. Granata Biomechanics Lab, Virginia Tech; Associate Professor, Dept of Ortho Surgery, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, VA, USA
International Assistant Editor
Kodali S. Prasad, MD
Prince Charles Hospital, Merthyr Tydfil, Wales, UK
Research Development & International Relations Assistant Editor
L. Daniel Latt, MD, PhD
Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
Surgical Strategies Assistant Editors
Eric Giza, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA, USA
Jeremy J. McCormick, MD
Associate Professor, Orthopedics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
Video Content Editor
Charles L. Saltzman, MD
LS Peery Presidential Endowed Professor and Chair, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Managing Editor
Shera Palmer Cook
AOFAS, Rosemont, IL, USA
PRINCIPAL REVIEWERS 2017 (6 OR MORE FAI/FAO REVIEWS)
Nasef Abdelatif, MD
 
Jamal; Ahmad, MD
 
Robert B. Anderson, MD
Founder, Foot & Ankle Institute, OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, NC, USA
Michael S. Aronow, MD
Clinical Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn School of Medicine; Orthopedic Associates of Hartford, Hartford CT, USA
Alexej Barg, MD
 
Jason T. Bariteau, MD
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Director of Foot & Ankle Research, Associate Residency Program Director, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Orthopaedics & Spine Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
Judith F. Baumhauer, MD, MPH
Professor and Associate Chair of Academic Affairs, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Foot and Ankle Division, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
Josh Baxter, MD
 
Timothy C. Beals, MD
 
Andrew D. Beischer, MD, FRACS
 
Gordon L. Bennett, MD
 
Wayne S. Berberian, MD
 
Clatyon C. Bettin, MD
 
Irwin L. Bliss, MD
 
Eric M. Bluman, MD, PhD
 
Todd R. Bornstein, MD
 
Matison L. Boyer, MD
 
Wen Chao, MD
 
Timothy P. Charlton, MD
 
Marc D. Chodes, MD
 
Michael P. Clare, MD
 
Richard J. Claridge, MD
 
M. Truitt Cooper, MD
 
Steven N. Copp, MD
 
Andrea Cracchiolo, III, MD
 
Thomas A. DeCoster, MD
 
Robert Dehne, MD
 
Bryan D. Den Hartog, MD
 
James K. DeOrio, MD
Professor, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
Sarah E. DeWitt, MD
 
Christopher W. DiGiovanni, MD
Assoc. Professor, Vice Chair (Acad Affairs), and Chief of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Jesse F. Doty, MD
 
Thomas C. Dowd, MD
 
John S. Early, MD
Orthopedic Surgeon, Texas Orthopaedic Associates LLP, Dallas, TX, USA
Andrew M. Ebert, MD
 
J.P Elton, MD
 
Normon Espinosa, MD
 
Jonathan B. Feibel, MD
 
Linda R. Ferris, MD
 
Timothy C. Fitzgibbons, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor Creighton University School of Medicine and Special Clinical Instructor, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
Adolph S. Flemister, MD
 
Carol C. Frey, MD
 
David A. Friscia, MD
 
Ward Glasoe, MA, PT, ATC
 
Eric C. Gokcen, MD
 
Robert Gorman, III, MD
 
Stanley C. Graves, MD
 
Brett R. Grebing, MD
 
Christopher Gross, MD
 
Aaron J. Guyer, MD
 
Gregory P. Guyton, MD
 
Thomas G. Harris, MD
University of California, San Diego, USA
Paul J. Hecht, MD
 
Christopher Hirose, MD
 
MaCalus V. Hogan, MD
 
James R. Holmes, MD
Service Chief, Associate Professor, Orthopaedic Surgery, Foot and Ankle, University of Michigan, South Main Orthopaedics, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Andrew R. Hsu, MD
 
Todd A. Irwin, MD
 
J. Benjamin Jackson, III, MD
 
James Jastifer, MD
 
Clifford L. Jeng, MD
 
Justin M. Kane, MD
 
Steve Kang, MD
 
Sina Kasreaian, MD
 
David B. Kay, MD
 
Robert A. Kaye, MD
 
Ari J. Kaz, MD
 
Sandra E. Klein, MD
 
Kurt F. Konkel, MD
 
John Y. Kwon, MD
 
Paul Talusan, MD
 
Craig R. Lareau, MD
 
Johnny T. C. Lau, MD
 
David C. Lee, MD
 
Simon Lee, MD
 
Young Koo Lee, MD, PhD
Associate Professor, Soon Chun Hyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-Si, South Korea
Gregory A. Lundeen, MD
 
LeLand C. McCluskey, MD
 
James E. W. Meeker, MD
 
Robert Mihalich, MD
 
Christopher P. Miller, MD
 
Stuart D. Miller, MD
 
Sara Lyn Miniaci-Coxhead, MD
 
G. Andrew Murphy, MD
 
Richard L. Needleman, MD
 
Caio A. Nery, MD
 
Blake L. Ohlson, MD
 
Tye J. Ouzounian, MD
 
Abhay R. Patel, MD
 
Amar Patel, MD
 
Christopher J. Pearce, MD
 
Manuel J. Pellegrini, MD
 
Mark D. Perry, MD
 
Glenn B. Pfeffer, MD
 
Terrence M. Philbin, MD
 
Geoffrey I. Phillips, MD
 
Stephen J. Pinney, MD
 
Christopher W. Reb, MD
 
Sudheer C. Reddy, MD
 
Martinus Richter, MD, PhD
 
Michael M. Romash, MD
 
Chamnanni Rungprai, MD
 
Anthony Sakellariou, MD
 
V. James Sammarco, MD
 
M. Isiah Sandlin, MD
 
Robert D. Santrock, MD
 
Tim Schepers, MD, PhD
 
Adam P. Schiff, MD
 
Scott B. Shawen, MD
 
John R. Sellman, MD
 
Glenn G. Shi, MD
 
Naomi N. Shields, MD
 
Jeremy T. Smith, MD
 
Judith W. Smith, MD, MBA
Memorial Hospital of Gulfport, Biloxi, MS
Nelson F. SooHoo, MD
 
Steven L. Shapiro, MD
 
Eric W. Tan, MD
 
H. Thomas Temple, MD
 
Joshua N. Tennant, MD, MPH
 
Ruth L. Thomas, MD
Professor of Orthopedics, Director of the Center for Foot and Ankle Surgery, University of Arkansas Medical School, Little Rock, AR
Saul G. Trevino, MD
 
Mark A. Vann, II, MD
 
Anand M. Vora, MD
 
Martin Weber, MD
 
Jacob R. Zide, MD