The International Journal of Cardiology is devoted to cardiology in the broadest sense. Both basic research and clinical papers can be submitted. The journal serves the interest of both practicing clinicians and researchers.

In addition to original papers, we are launching a range of new manuscript types, including Consensus and Position Papers, Systematic Reviews, Meta-analyses, and Short communications. Case reports are no longer acceptable. Controversial techniques, issues on health policy and social medicine are discussed and serve as useful tools for encouraging debate.

Personal and member subscribers can access the journal online via: http://www.internationaljournalofcardiology.com.

Institutional subscribers can access the journal online via ScienceDirect. For more information, please go to: http://www.sciencedirect.com.

Original articles
Short communication
Editorials
Letters to the Editor

Editor-in-Chief
Paolo G. Camici
Professor of Cardiology and Director of Training in Cardiology Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
Deputy Editors
Domenico Cianflone
Milano, Italy
Perry Elliott
London, United Kingdom
Juan Carlos Kaski
London, United Kingdom
Ornella E. Rimoldi
Milano, Italy
Peter J. Schwartz
Milan, Italy and Cape Town, South Africa
Editorial Office
Melania Giordano - Assistant Managing Editor
Melania Osto - Managing Editor
Associate Editors
Pier Giuseppe Agostoni
Milano, Italy
Eustachio Agricola
Milano, Italy
Ottavio Alfieri
Milano, Italy
Enrico Ammirati
Milano, Italy
Gianni Angelini
Bristol, United Kingdom
Pablo Avanzas
Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
Cristina Basso
Padova, Italy
Alaide Chieffo
Milano, Italy
Bill Chilian
Rootstown, United States
Antonio  Colombo
Milano, Italy
Michele De Bonis
Cuneo, Italy
Giuseppe De Luca
Novara, Italy
Carlo Di Mario
Firenze, Italy
Dobromir Dobrev
Essen, Germany
Michele Emdin
Pisa, Italy
Albert Ferro
London, United Kingdom
Michael Gatzoulis
London, United Kingdom
Junbo Ge
Xuhui, China
Joerg Herrmann
Rochester, United States
David Jiménez
Madrid, Spain
Pier Lambiase
London, United Kingdom
Astrid Lammers
Munster, Germany
Amir Lerman
Minnesota, United States
Peter Libby
Boston, United States
Angela Maas
Nijmegen, Netherlands
Aldo Maggioni
Firenze, Italy
Giuseppe Mercuro
Cagliari, Italy
Francesco Paneni
Zürich, Switzerland
Federico Pappalardo
Milano, Italy
Carlo Patrono
Chieti, Italy
Carl Pepine
Gainesville, United States
Marc A. Pfeffer
Boston, United States
Paul Schoenhagen
Cleveland, United States
Eric Schulze-Bahr
Munster, Germany
Roxy Senior
London, United Kingdom
Juan Tamargo
Madrid, Spain
Yamume Tshomba
Milano, Italy
Hector O. Ventura
New Orleans, United States
Carmine Dario Vizza
Roma, Italy
Massimo Volpe
Roma, Italy
Liesl Zühlke
Rondebosch, South Africa
Guest Editor
Domenico Cianflone
Milano, Italy
Guy De Backer
Gent, Belgium
Patrick Dunn
Perry Elliott
London, United Kingdom
Stanley Nattel
Québec, Canada
Stefan Rosenkranz
Köln, Germany
Hiroaki Shimokawa
Sendai, Japan
Statistical Consultants
Menelaos Pavlou
London, United Kingdom
Shafiqur Rahman
Dhaka, Bangladesh
Carla Spazzolini
Milan, Italy
Editorial Board
Stephan Achenbach
Erlangen, Germany
Bagrat Alekyan
Moskva, Russian Federation
Guilia d’Amati
Roma, Italy
Giuseppe Ambrosio
Perugia, Italy
Angelo Auricchio
Lugano, Switzerland
Alvaro Avezum
São Paulo, Brazil
C. Noel Bairey Merz
Los Angeles, United States
Emanuele Barbato
Napoli, Italy and Aalst, Belgium
Francesco Barillà
Roma, Italy
Thomas Bartel
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Allegra Battistoni
Roma, Italy
Jeroen J. Bax
Leiden, Netherlands
Antoni Bayes Genis
Badalona, Spain
Robert B. Beanlands
Toronto, Canada
John Beltrame
Woodville South, Australia
Frank Bengel
Hannover, Germany
Barry Borlaug
Rochester, United States
Michele Brignole
Lavagna, Italy
Giovanni G. Camici
Zürich, Switzerland
Marco Canepa
Genova, Italy
Riccardo Cappato
San Donato Milanese, Italy
Mario Carminati
San Donato Milanese, Italy
Franco Cecchi
Firenze, Italy
Roberto Chiesa
Milano, Italy
Joanna Chikwe
New York, United States
Marco Matteo Ciccone
Bari, Italy
Martin Cowie
London, United Kingdom
Filippo Crea
Rome, Italy
Michele D'Alto
Napoli, Italy
Fabrizio D'Ascenzo
Torino, Italy
G. Andrei Dan
Bucuresti, Romania
Andrew M. Davis
Melbourne, Australia
Raffaele De Caterina
Pisa, Italy
Elena De Falco
Latina, Italy
Gaetano De Ferrari
Pavia, Italy
Bart De Geest
Leuven, Belgium
Angelo DeLucia
Rootstown, United States
Ranil De Silva
London, United Kingdom
Marcelo Di Carli
Boston, United States
Feng Dong
Rootstown, United States
Dirk J Duncker
Rotterdam, Netherlands
Javier Escaned
Madrid, Spain
William F. Fearon
Stanford, United States
Vanessa Ferreira
Oxford, United Kingdom
Gerasimos Filippatos
Athens, Greece
Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis
Bronx, United States
Ben Freedman
Concord, Australia
Fiorenzo Gaita
Torino, Italy
Nazzareno Galié
Bologna, Italy
Stefano Ghio
Pavia, Italy
Simon Gibbs
London, United Kingdom
Alessia Gimelli
Pisa, Italy
Massimiliano Gnecchi
Pavia, Italy
Bulent Gorenek
Eskisehir, Turkey
Giulio Guagliumi
Bergamo, Italy
Marco Guazzi
Milano, Italy
Ya-Ling Han
Beijing, China
Koji Hasegawa
Kyoto, Japan
Kristina Haugaa
Oslo, Norway
Jordi Heijman
Maastricht, Netherlands
Gerd Heusch
Essen, Germany
Sang Hong Baek
Seoul, Korea, Republic of
John Horowitz
Woodville South, Australia
Ciro Indolfi
Catanzaro, Italy
Jonathan Kalman
Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
Adnan  Kastrati
Munchen, Germany
Attila Kiss
Vienna, Austria
Masafumi Kitakaze
Suita, Japan
Petra Kleinbongard
Essen, Germany
Karin Klingel
Tuebingen, Germany
Paul Knaapen
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Yoon Kwang Lee
Rootstown, United States
Giovanni La Canna
Milano, Italy
Patrizio Lancellotti
Liege, Belgium
Ulf Landmesser
Berlin, Germany
Gaetano Lanza
Milan, Italy
Bernard Levy
Paris, France
Luca Liberale
Zürich, Switzerland
Giuseppe Limongelli
Napoli, Italy
Massimo Lombardi
San Donato Milanese, Italy
Alberto Lorenzatti
Cordoba, Argentina
Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
Taipei, Taiwan
Calum MacRae
Boston, United States
Rosalinda Madonna
Chieti, Italy
Francesco Maisano
Zürich, Switzerland
Alberto Margonato
Milano, Italy
Mario Marzilli
Pisa, Italy
Pier Giorgio Masci
Lausanne, Switzerland
Patrizio Mazzone
Milano, Italy
Lorenzo Menicanti
San Donato Milanese, Italy
Claudia Montanaro
London, United Kingdom
Fabrizio Montecucco
Genova, Italy
Toyoaki Murohara
Nagoya, Japan
Kenichi Nakajima
Kanazawa, Japan
Sunao Nakamura
Chiba, Japan
Josè C. Nicolau
São Paulo, Brazil
Steven E. Nissen
Cleveland, United States
Vahagn Ohanyan
Rootstown, United States
Iacopo Olivotto
Firenze, Italy
Torbjorn Omland
Lørenskog, Norway
Milton Packer
Dallas, United States
Seung-Jung Park
Songpa-gu, Korea, Republic of
Guido Parodi
Firenze, Italy
Gerard Pasterkamp
Utrecht, Netherlands
Antonio Pelliccia
Roma, Italy
Francesco Pelliccia
Roma, Italy
Pasquale Perrone-Filardi
Napoli, Italy
Piotr Ponikowski
Wroclaw, Poland
Eva Prescott
København, Denmark
Valentina Puntmann
Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Priya Raman
Rootstown, United States
K. Srinath Reddy
New Delhi, India
Zeljko Reiner
Zagreb, Croatia
Leonardo Roever
UBERLANDIA, Brazil
Stuart Rosen
London, United Kingdom
Raphael Rosenhek
Wien, Austria
Luís M. Ruilope
Madrid, Spain
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Stefano Savonitto
Lecco, Italy
Thomas Schindler
Saint Louis, United States
Heinz Peter Schulteiss
Berlin, Germany
Sebastiano Sciarretta
Rome, Italy
Susanna Sciomer
Roma, Italy
Udo Sechtem
Stuttgart, Germany
Joseph Selvanayagam
Bedford Park, Australia
Michele Senni
Bergamo, Italy
Dipen Shah
Geneva, Switzerland
Hiroaki Shimokawa
Sendai, Japan
Maria Siebes
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Sigmund Silber
München, Germany
Gerald Simonneau
Clamart, France
Gianfranco Sinagra
Trieste, Italy
Karin Sipido
Leuven, Belgium
Karen Sliwa-Hahnle
Observatory, South Africa
Jasmeet Soar
Bristol, United Kingdom
Paul Sorajja
Minneapolis, United States
Felix Tanner
Zürich, Switzerland
Michal Tendera
Katowice, Poland
Giuliano Tocci
Roma, Italy
Dimitris Tousoulis
Athens, Greece
Johnathan Tune
Indianapolis, United States
Thomas Unger
Maastricht, Netherlands
Viola Vaccarino
Atlanta, United States
Tim Van De Hoef
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Fiona Walker
London, United Kingdom
Yajing Wang
Philadelphia, United States
Stephan Windecker
Bern, Switzerland
Raymond L. Woosley
Oro Valley, United States
Joseph C. Wu
Stanford, United States
Mohammad Yaraghi
Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Liya Yin
Rootstown, United States
Jose Luis Zamorano
Madrid, Spain
Dong Zhao
Beijing, China