International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) (ISSN 1660-4601) is a peer-reviewed, transdisciplinary journal focused on publishing content related to health promotion and disease prevention. IJERPH aims to bring together all scientific communities from various disciplines that address health promotion, wellbeing and improvement of quality of life. We strive to broaden the perception of Public Health to encompass all aspects of biological, social, environmental, and behavioral determinants of health, shifting the focus beyond traditional boundaries.

The concept of environmental research within IJERPH should not be limited to the ecological perspective alone. Instead, it should be understood in a broader context, encompassing the interplay between human beings and their physical, mental and social environments, and their impact on health.

All studies submitted to IJERPH are expected to highlight how the results have a direct impact on health promotion. Authors are encouraged to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. IJERPH welcomes original articles, critical reviews, and short communications.

Although research on health care systems and their influence on public health is welcome, all regional studies should be framed within a global context. Please note that clinical studies not sufficiently addressing the aim of the journal will not be considered.

By adopting a transdisciplinary approach, IJERPH seeks to foster collaboration and knowledge exchange among diverse fields, contributing to a holistic understanding of health promotion and disease prevention.

Editorial Board
Advisory Board
Editorial Board
Health Economics Section
Global Health Section
Environmental Health Section
Environmental Science and Engineering Section
Occupational Safety and Health Section
Health Behavior, Chronic Disease and Health Promotion Section
Climate Change and Health Section
Infectious Disease Epidemiology Section
Mental Health Section
Digital Health Section
Children's Health Section
Women's Health Section
Health Care Sciences & Services Section
Health Communication Section
Toxicology and Public Health Section
Public Health Statistics and Risk Assessment Section
Editors (12)
Prof. Dr. Paul B. Tchounwou E-Mail 
Editor-in-Chief
Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Box 18750, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
Tel. 6019790777 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Assoc. Prof. Jitse P. Van Dijk E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
Tel. + 31653672733 
Interests: adolescents and health; chronic disease; ethnicity and health
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Dr. David Berrigan E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Tel. 240-660-0171 
Interests: Cancer Prevention, Built Environment, Physical Activity, Obesity, Energy Balance, Natural Experiments, Transportation and Health, Acculturation, Geospatial Approaches to Cancer Control, Childhood Obesity
Prof. Dr. Ulf-G. Gerdtham E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Clinical Sciences, Department of Economics, Lund University, P.O. Box 7082, S-220 07 Lund, Sweden
Fax: +46 (0)46 222 41 18 
Interests: health economics; health econometrics; inequalities in health; economics of health behaviour; international health expenditure; health system and organization
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jon Øyvind Odland E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Norwegian University for Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Interests: reproductive health; epidemiology; environmental health; contaminants; arctic areas; infectious diseases; climate change
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. William A. Toscano E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
Tel. 612-859-2120; Fax: +1 612 626 4837 
Interests: toxicology; environmental hormones; public health genomics; environmental signaling
Prof. Dr. Yu-Pin Lin E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
Tel. 886-2-33663468; Fax: +86 2 23686980 
Interests: spatial statistics and modeling in environmental and ecological systems; applications of GIS and remote sensing in environmental and ecological systems; freshwater monitoring and modeling; optimal environmental monitoring network design; landscape ecology in land-use management and planning; ecohydrology; groundwater modeling; land-use planning and modeling; soil heavy metal pollution assessment; multiscale analysis in environmental and ecological systems; system dynamic modeling in environmental systems; ecosystem services; system dynamic modeling; optimization techniques
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Ivo Iavicoli E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: occupational medicine; public health; nanosafety; active aging; occupational toxicology; industrial health; biological monitoring; occupational risk assessment; occupational diseases; occupational carcinogens
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Kristie L. Ebi E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
Tel. 12065438440 
Interests: Health risks of and responses to global change, particularly climate change
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. U Rajendra Acharya E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Ngee Ann Polytechnic, SIM University, Singapore Institute of Technology – Glasgow, Singapore
Tel. 96374029 
Interests: biomedical signal processing; bioimaging; data mining; visualization; biophysics for better health care design; drug delivery and therapy
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jimmy T. Efird E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Cooperative Studies Program Epidemiology Center, Health Services Research and Development (DVAHCS/Duke Affiliated Center), Durham, NC, USA
Interests: statistical methods; epidemiological study design; risk modeling; cardiovascular disease; cancer
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Dr. Bonnie Wang E-Mail 
Chief Managing Editor


MDPI Tongzhou Office, Room 2207, Jincheng Center, No. 21 Cuijingbeili, Tongzhou District, 101101 Beijing, China
Advisory Board (3)
Prof. Dr. Peter Clifton E-Mail Website 


Principal Research Fellow National Health and Medical Research Council, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
Interests: obesity; lipids; diabetes; heart disease
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health: Obesity and Public Health
Special Issue in Nutrients: Potassium and Human Health
Special Issue in Nutrients: Low-Carbohydrate Diet for Weight Loss: Is There a Benefit?
Prof. emer Han C. G. Kemper E-Mail Website 


Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam The Netherlands
Interests: exercise science; sports science; nutrition; exercise physiology; bone health
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health: Pediatric Exercise and Health Outcomes
Prof. Dr. Elena N. Naumova E-Mail Website 


Division of Nutrition Data Sciences, Freidman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
Interests: development of statistical, mathematical and computational models for climate-sensitive infectious diseases; the use of big data, novel information sources and tools, including GIS and remote sensing in public health applications and environmental research
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health: Infectious Disease Modeling in the Era of Complex Data
Editorial Board Members (821)
Prof. Dr. Assaf A. Abdelghani E-Mail Website 


Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health of Tropical Medicine, Suite 2100, 1440 Canal Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
Tel. 504 988-5374; Fax: +1 504 988 1726 
Interests: the impact of toxic chemicals on human health and the environment:accumulation in food chain organisms and degradation; water and sanitation and effects of agricultural pesticides in developing nations
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health: The Impact of Agricultural Pesticides on Human Health and the Environment
Prof. Dr. John Adgate E-Mail Website 


Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Place, Campus Box B119, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
Interests: exposure science; air pollution; impacts of oil and gas development
Assoc. Prof. Atin Adhikari E-Mail Website 


Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, USA
Interests: air quality; bioaerosols; environmental health; environmental epidemiology; microbial disinfection methods
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health: Environmental and Occupational Exposure to Microbial Contaminants
Special Issue in Atmosphere: Disinfection, Control, and Respiratory Protection against Microbial Aerosols
Prof. Antonella Agodi E-Mail Website 


Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
Interests: public health; epidemiology and prevention; nutritional epidemiology; molecular epidemiology; epigenetics; public health genomics; healthcare- associated infections
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in Nutrients: Dietary Assessment in Nutritional Epidemiology: Public Health Implications for Promoting Lifelong Health
Dr. Farrukh Ahmad E-Mail Website 


Dept. of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Interests: water treatment & reuse; environmental remediation; human-health risk assessment; molecular methods for pathogen detection; emerging chemical pollutants and methods for their analysis; fate and toxicity of nanomaterials
Prof. Dr. Roberto Albera E-Mail Website 


Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
Interests: audiology; ear surgery; vertigo
Prof. Dr. Nienhaus Albert E-Mail Website 


1. Competence Centre for Epidemiology and Health Services Research for Healthcare Professionals (CVcare), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
2. Department for Occupational Medicine, Hazardous Substances and Health Science, Institution for Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW), 22089 Hamburg, Germany
Interests: occupational health; tuberculosis in health workers; violence against health workers; leadership and workers’ health; low back pain in health workers; psycho-social exposure in health workers
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health: Proceedings of ICOH Occupational Health for Health Worker (OHHW2019) Conference

Dr. Evangelos C. Alexopoulos E-Mail Website 


Metopolitan General Hospital, Occupational Health Dpt., 264 Mesogion Avenue, 155 62 Holargos, Athens, Greece
Interests: occupational health; occupational medicine; exposure assessment; public health; environmental epidemiology; environmental health; employee well-being; preventive medicine
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health: Suicide Prevention Strategies
Special Issue in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health: Return to Work and Occupational Health Services
Prof. Karel Allegaert E-Mail Website 


Department of development and regeneration, KU Leuven Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
Interests: perinatal developmental pharmacology; neonatal pain management; retinopathy of prematurity
Dr. Ana Catarina Almeida Sousa E-Mail Website 


Departamento de Química, CICECO – Instituto de Materiais de Aveiro, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: ecotoxicology; endocrine disruptors; environmental monitoring; exposure pathways; indoor dust; obesogens; pets; risk factors; sentinels