Earthquake Spectra, the professional peer-reviewed journal of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI), serves as the publication of record for the development of earthquake engineering practice, earthquake codes and regulations, earthquake public policy, and earthquake investigation reports. The journal is published quarterly in both printed and online editions in February, May, August, and November, with additional special edition issues.

EERI established Earthquake Spectra with the purpose of improving the practice of earthquake hazards mitigation, preparedness, and recovery — serving the informational needs of the diverse professionals engaged in earthquake risk reduction: civil, geotechnical, mechanical, and structural engineers; geologists, seismologists, and other earth scientists; architects and city planners; public officials; social scientists; and researchers.

EERI is a non-profit membership organization that connects multidisciplinary professionals dedicated to advancing earthquake resilience worldwide. EERI members receive full access to Earthquake Spectra, including the benefit of submitting manuscripts without author submission fees. Visit *the EERI website* to learn more about membership benefits and explore EERI's programs, resources, and publications.

Earthquake Spectra is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Editor-in-Chief
David Wald
U.S. Geological Survey, USA
Editor
Jack W. Baker
Stanford University, USA
Ombudsman
Farzad Naeim
Farzad Naeim Inc., USA
Publications Coordinator
Vida Samardžic
Earthquake Engineering Research Isntitute, USA
Associate Editors
Dominic Assimaki
California Institute of Technology, USA
Ivan Au
University of Liverpool, UK
Paolo Bazzurro
University of Pavia, Italy
Katrin Beyer
École Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
Brendon Bradley
University of Canterbury, New Zealand
Henry Burton
University of California Los Angeles, USA
Carlo Cauzzi
ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Louise Comfort
University of Pittsburgh, USA
Rachel Davidson
University of Delaware, USA
John Douglas
BRGM (French Geological Survey), France
Ronald T. Eguchi
ImageCat, Inc., USA
Kenneth Elwood
University of Auckland, New Zealand
Katsu Goda
Western University, Canada
Rakesh Goel
California Polytechnic State University, USA
Tara Hutchinson
University of California, San Diego, USA
Kishor Jaiswal
U.S. Geological Survey, USA
Mervyn J. Kowalsky
North Carolina State University, USA
Steven L. Kramer
University of Washington, USA
Abbie Liel
University of Colorado Boulder, USA
Dimitrios Lignos
École Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
Gilberto Mosqueda
University of California, San Diego, USA
Michael J. O’Rourke
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
Mark Petersen
U.S. Geological Survey,USA
Santiago Pujol
Purdue University, USA
Ellen M Rathje
University of Texas, Austin, USA
Elizabeth Reddy
Colorado School of Mines, USA
Adrian Rodriguez-Marek
Virginia Polytechnic Institute, USA
M. Saiid Saiidi
University of Nevada, Reno, USA
Pui-Shum (Benson) Shing
University of California, San Diego, USA
Vitor Silva
University of Aveiro, Portugal
Peter J Stafford
Imperial College, UK
Haluk Sucuoglu
Middle East Technical University, Turkey
Ertugrul Taciroglu
University of California, Los Angeles, USA
Toru Takeuchi
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
Harry Yeh
Oregon State University, USA
Executive Director
Heidi Tremayne
Earthquake Engineering Research Isntitute, USA