聚四氟乙烯：原始极端聚合物的合成与表征,Chemical Reviews

当前位置： X-MOL 学术 › Chem. Rev. › 论文详情

Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)

聚四氟乙烯：原始极端聚合物的合成与表征
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-28 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00458
Gerard J. Puts ₁ , Philip Crouse ₁ , Bruno M. Ameduri ₂

Affiliation

这篇综述旨在对化学界（学术界和工业界）普遍感兴趣的内容进行全面，权威和批判性的综述，因为它包含了有关四氟乙烯（TFE）均聚的所有已公开数据的详尽概述，详细介绍了TFE均聚过程以及由此产生的化学和物理性质。关于含氟聚合物的性质和应用的一般评论和百科全书章节已经出版，其中包括广泛报道TFE共聚物的各种评论（如下所列）。尽管如此，对合成均聚物的具体方法以及合成条件与所制备材料的物理化学性质之间的关系尚无详尽的综述。本审查旨在填补这一空白。众所周知，PTFE及其略微改性的衍生物约占国际含氟聚合物市场总量的60-65％，全球范围内增长约5％。年产量的7％。许多公司，例如旭硝子，苏威特种聚合物，大金，杜邦/ Chemours，巨化，3F，3M / Dyneon等，都生产TFE均聚物。这类聚合物，无论是高分子材料还是蜡，均具有化学惰性和疏水性，并具有出色的热稳定性以及极低的摩擦系数。这些聚合物可用于从涂料和润滑到烟火的各种应用，并且围绕它们建立了广泛的行业（电子，航空，电线电缆和纺织品）。南非，是萤石（CaF）的第三大生产国如Asahi Glass，Solvay Specialty Polymers，Daikin，DuPont / Chemours，Juhua，3F，3M / Dyneon等，可生产TFE均聚物。这类聚合物，无论是高分子材料还是蜡，均具有化学惰性和疏水性，并具有出色的热稳定性以及极低的摩擦系数。这些聚合物可用于从涂料和润滑到烟火的各种应用，并且围绕它们建立了广泛的行业（电子，航空，电线电缆和纺织品）。南非，是萤石（CaF）的第三大生产国如Asahi Glass，Solvay Specialty Polymers，Daikin，DuPont / Chemours，Juhua，3F，3M / Dyneon等，可生产TFE均聚物。这类聚合物，无论是高分子材料还是蜡，均具有化学惰性和疏水性，并具有出色的热稳定性以及极低的摩擦系数。这些聚合物可用于从涂料和润滑到烟火的各种应用，并且围绕它们建立了广泛的行业（电子，航空，电线电缆和纺织品）。南非，是萤石（CaF）的第三大生产国具有化学惰性和疏水性，并具有出色的热稳定性以及极低的摩擦系数。这些聚合物可用于从涂料和润滑到烟火的各种应用，并且围绕它们建立了广泛的行业（电子，航空，电线电缆和纺织品）。南非，是萤石（CaF）的第三大生产国具有化学惰性和疏水性，并具有出色的热稳定性以及极低的摩擦系数。这些聚合物可用于从涂料和润滑到烟火的各种应用，并且围绕它们建立了广泛的行业（电子，航空，电线电缆和纺织品）。南非，是萤石（CaF）的第三大生产国_2个）是氟化氢和氟的前驱体，已着手一项工业计划，以在当地受益于其氟石储量，而在当地生产含氟聚合物是一个预期结果。由于我们的手稿特别关注TFE的均聚（所有含氟聚合物行业的起点），因此对于希望进入含氟聚合物市场的初创公司和其他商业实体以及最终用户公司而言，它将具有相当大的用途。。该手稿首先简短地讨论了TFE的合成和生产（无论是在工业规模还是实验室规模），包括围绕处理的安全性方面的问题（因为由于过氧化物的形成与氧气接触，单体被认为是爆炸性的），运输和储存，然后扩展到涉及诸如所使用的各种添加剂（缓冲剂，链转移剂，表面活性剂等），溶剂环境和反应条件等方面的详细讨论。另一部分报告了聚四氟乙烯相对于聚合条件的性能，以及用于表征聚四氟乙烯的专门技术的概述。最后，讨论了PTFE在从电绝缘到摩擦学再到医疗应用的各个领域中的应用，以及耐化学腐蚀的涂层和烟火技术。另一部分报告了聚四氟乙烯相对于聚合条件的性能，以及用于表征聚四氟乙烯的专门技术的概述。最后，讨论了PTFE在从电绝缘到摩擦学再到医疗应用的各个领域中的应用，以及耐化学腐蚀的涂层和烟火技术。另一部分报告了聚四氟乙烯相对于聚合条件的性能，以及用于表征聚四氟乙烯的专门技术的概述。最后，讨论了PTFE在从电绝缘到摩擦学再到医疗应用的各个领域中的应用，以及耐化学腐蚀的涂层和烟火技术。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

Polytetrafluoroethylene: Synthesis and Characterization of the Original Extreme Polymer

This Review aims to be a comprehensive, authoritative, and critical review of general interest to the chemistry community (both academia and industry) as it contains an extensive overview of all published data on the homopolymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), detailing the TFE homopolymerization process and the resulting chemical and physical properties. Several reviews and encyclopedia chapters on the properties and applications of fluoropolymers in general have been published, including various reviews that extensively report copolymers of TFE (listed below). Despite this, a thorough review of the specific methods of synthesis of the homopolymer, and the relationships between synthesis conditions and the physicochemical properties of the material prepared, has not been available. This Review intends to fill that gap. As known, PTFE and its marginally modified derivatives comprise some 60–65% of the total international fluoropolymer market with a global increase of ca. 7% per annum of its production. Numerous companies, such as Asahi Glass, Solvay Specialty Polymers, Daikin, DuPont/Chemours, Juhua, 3F, 3M/Dyneon, etc., produce TFE homopolymers. Such polymers, both high-molecular-mass materials and waxes, are chemically inert and hydrophobic and exhibit an excellent thermal stability as well as an exceptionally low coefficient of friction. These polymers find use in applications ranging from coatings and lubrication to pyrotechnics, and an extensive industry (electronic, aerospace, wires and cables, and textiles) has been built around them. South Africa, being the third largest producer of fluorspar (CaF₂), the precursor to hydrogen fluoride and fluorine, has embarked on an industrial initiative to locally beneficiate its fluorspar reserves, with the local production of fluoropolymers being one projected outcome. As our manuscript focuses specifically on the homopolymerization of TFE (the starting point for all fluoropolymer industries), it will be of considerable use to start-up companies and other commercial entities looking to enter the fluoropolymer market, as well as to end-user companies. The manuscript commences with a short discussion on the synthesis and production of TFE (both at industrial and laboratory scales), including the safety aspects surrounding handling (because that monomer is regarded as explosive if brought into contact with oxygen due to the formation of peroxides), transport, and storage, and then expands into detailed discussions dealing with aspects such as the various additives used (buffers, chain transfer agents, surfactants, etc.), the solvent environment, and the reaction conditions. A further section reports the properties of PTFE with respect to the polymerization conditions as well as an overview on the specialized techniques used to characterize PTFE. Finally, the applications of PTFE in various fields, ranging from electrical insulation to tribological to medical applications, as well as chemically resistant coatings and pyrotechnics, are discussed.

更新日期：2019-01-28

点击分享查看原文

点击收藏

阅读更多本刊最新论文本刊介绍/投稿指南11