竹炭衍生的3D多孔硅/ N掺杂碳复合材料，作为锂离子电池的高性能阳极材料,ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

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竹炭衍生的3D多孔硅/ N掺杂碳复合材料，作为锂离子电池的高性能阳极材料
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-27 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b01189
Congcong Zhang _{1,

2} , Xin Cai ₁ , Wenyan Chen ₁ , Siyuan Yang ₁ , Donghui Xu ₁ , Yueping Fang ₁ , Xiaoyuan Yu ₁

Affiliation

将可再生生物质资源用于绿色，高附加值功能纳米材料的开发是有希望的。竹子是含有大量二氧化硅的“天然硅储库”。可用的竹炭是具有吸引人特征的碳酸化竹材料。在此，通过简单的煅烧和镁热还原从竹炭中提取3D多孔硅。为了提高电化学稳定性，通过使聚丙烯腈前体碳化，在多孔硅上进一步涂覆了N掺杂的非晶碳层。所获得的硅/氮掺杂的碳复合材料具有3D多孔结构，并显示出显着改善的循环性能以及高倍率性能。经过优化的Si / N掺杂碳复合材料可提供603 mA hg的可逆容量^-1以200mA克120次循环后^-1和高容量360毫安汞柱^-1 1.6 A G ^-1。这表明N掺杂的非晶碳层可以有效地适应3D多孔硅的体积变化并降低电荷转移阻力，从而提高Si /碳复合材料的循环耐久性。Si / N掺杂碳复合材料的整个制备过程经济，环保且可扩展。这项工作提供了一种可持续的解决方案，从竹炭资源到具有成本效益的锂离子电池负极材料的分层多孔硅/碳复合材料。

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3D Porous Silicon/N-Doped Carbon Composite Derived from Bamboo Charcoal as High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

The exploitation of renewable biomass resources toward green, high-value-added functional nanomaterials is promising. Bamboo is a “natural Si reservoir” that contains a considerable amount of silica. Available bamboo charcoal is the carbonated bamboo material with attractive features. Herein, 3D porous silicon is extracted from bamboo charcoal by simple calcination and magnesiothermic reduction. For an improvement in the electrochemical stability, the porous Si is further coated with a layer of N-doped amorphous carbon by carbonizing the polyacrylonitrile precursor. The obtained silicon/nitrogen-doped carbon composite possesses a 3D porous structure and exhibits significantly improved cycling performance along with high rate capabilities. The optimized Si/N-doped carbon composite delivers a reversible capacity of 603 mA h g^–1 after 120 cycles at 200 mA g^–1 and a high capacity of 360 mA h g^–1 at 1.6 A g^–1. This demonstrates that the N-doped amorphous carbon layer can effectively accommodate the volume change of the 3D porous silicon and reduce the charge transfer resistance so as to improve the cycling durability of the Si/carbon composite. The overall preparation process of the Si/N-doped carbon composite is economic, environmentally friendly, and scalable. This work provides a sustainable solution from bamboo charcoal resource to hierarchically porous silicon/carbon composites for cost-efficient lithium-ion battery anode materials.

更新日期：2018-06-27

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