Abstract Thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes based on nanomaterials incorporation continue to receive tremendous attention for desalination and wastewater treatment owing to their high permeability. In this work, amino-functional mesoporous polymer nanosphere (NMPS) is selected to adjust the microstructure of polyamide active thin layer for better separation performance due to its unique properties of large mesopore (ca. 5.6 nm) and abundant functional groups. The amine groups increase the interaction of NMPS with polyamide matrix for maintaining a selective layer, keeping high rejection. The mesoporous channels of NMPS can provide preferential flow paths for water transport through the membrane, which contributes to flux increment. The optimal TFN membrane modified by NMPS exhibited water flux of 55 L m−2 h−1, showing a 62% improvement over the conventional polyamide thin-film composite (TFC) membrane without NMPS incorporation. Furthermore, the NaCl rejection still remained at a satisfactory level of 98.7%, comparable to TFC membrane. The incorporation of NMPS in TFN membrane paves a way to design of novel nanocomposite membrane for high-efficiency desalination.

中文翻译：

---

功能性介孔聚合物对聚酰胺纳米复合膜的微结构调控用于高效脱盐

摘要 基于纳米材料掺入的薄膜纳米复合材料 (TFN) 膜由于其高渗透性在海水淡化和废水处理中继续受到极大关注。在这项工作中，由于具有大介孔（约 5.6 nm）和丰富的官能团的独特性质，选择氨基官能介孔聚合物纳米球（NMPS）来调整聚酰胺活性薄层的微观结构以获得更好的分离性能。胺基团增加了 NMPS 与聚酰胺基质的相互作用，以保持选择性层，保持高拒绝率。NMPS 的介孔通道可以为水通过膜传输提供优先的流动路径，这有助于通量增加。NMPS 改性的最佳 TFN 膜表现出 55 L m-2 h-1 的水通量，与未掺入 NMPS 的传统聚酰胺薄膜复合材料 (TFC) 膜相比，性能提高了 62%。此外，与 TFC 膜相比，NaCl 截留率仍保持在 98.7% 的令人满意的水平。在TFN膜中加入NMPS为设计用于高效脱盐的新型纳米复合膜铺平了道路。