We discuss physical and information theoretical limits of optical 3D metrology. Based on these principal considerations we introduce a novel single-shot 3D movie camera that almost reaches these limits. The camera is designed for the 3D acquisition of macroscopic live scenes. Like a hologram, each movie-frame encompasses the full 3D information about the object surface and the observation perspective can be varied while watching the 3D movie. The camera combines single-shot ability with a point cloud density close to the theoretical limit. No space-bandwidth is wasted by pattern codification. With 1-megapixel sensors, the 3D camera delivers nearly 300,000 independent 3D points within each frame. The 3D data display a lateral resolution and a depth precision only limited by physics. The approach is based on multi-line triangulation. The requisite low-cost technology is simple. Only two properly positioned synchronized cameras solve the profound ambiguity problem omnipresent in 3D metrology.

中文翻译：

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带有密集点云的单次3D电影摄影机

我们讨论了光学3D计量学的物理和信息理论极限。基于这些主要考虑因素，我们介绍了一种几乎可以达到这些极限的新颖单镜头3D电影摄影机。该相机专为3D拍摄宏观实时场景而设计。就像全息图一样，每个电影帧都包含有关对象表面的完整3D信息，并且在观看3D电影时可以改变观察角度。相机结合了单发功能和接近理论极限的点云密度。模式编码不会浪费任何空间带宽。随着100万像素的传感器，3D相机提供了近30万每个帧中的独立3D点。3D数据显示仅受物理限制的横向分辨率和深度精度。该方法基于多线三角剖分。必需的低成本技术很简单。只有两个正确定位的同步摄像机解决了3D计量学中不存在的严重模糊性问题。