Lithium metal is one of the most attractive anode materials for electrochemical energy storage. However, the growth of Li dendrites during electrochemical deposition, which leads to a low Coulombic efficiency and safety concerns, has long hindered the application of rechargeable Li-metal batteries. Here we show that a 3D current collector with a submicron skeleton and high electroactive surface area can significantly improve the electrochemical deposition behaviour of Li. Li anode is accommodated in the 3D structure without uncontrollable Li dendrites. With the growth of Li dendrites being effectively suppressed, the Li anode in the 3D current collector can run for 600 h without short circuit and exhibits low voltage hysteresis. The exceptional electrochemical performance of the Li-metal anode in the 3D current collector highlights the importance of rational design of current collectors and reveals a new avenue for developing Li anodes with a long lifespan.

中文翻译：

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将锂容纳到具有亚微米骨架且朝向长寿命锂金属阳极的3D集电器中。

锂金属是用于电化学能量存储的最有吸引力的阳极材料之一。然而，锂树枝状晶体在电化学沉积过程中的生长导致库仑效率低和对安全性的担忧，长期以来一直困扰着可再充电锂金属电池的应用。在这里，我们显示具有亚微米骨架和高电活性表面积的3D集电器可以显着改善Li的电化学沉积性能。锂阳极容纳在3D结构中，而锂枝晶不受控制。通过有效抑制Li树枝状晶体的生长，3D集电器中的Li阳极可以连续运行600 h而不会发生短路，并且显示出低电压滞后现象。