One-Pot Water-Based Hydrophobic Surface Modification of Cellulose Nanocrystals Using Plant Polyphenols,ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

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One-Pot Water-Based Hydrophobic Surface Modification of Cellulose Nanocrystals Using Plant Polyphenols
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-04-22 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00415
Zhen Hu ₁ , Richard M. Berry ₂ , Robert Pelton ₁ , Emily D. Cranston ₁

Affiliation

An environmentally friendly procedure for the surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in water is presented. Tannic acid (TA), a plant polyphenol, acts as the primer when mixed with CNCs in suspension, which are then reacted with decylamine (DA), the hydrophobe. Schiff base formation/Michael-type addition covalently attaches primary amines with long alkyl tails to CNC-TA, increasing the particle hydrophobicity (contact angle shift from 21 to 74°). After modification, the CNC-TA-DA particles in the water phase separate, allowing for easy collection of modified material. The dried product is readily redispersible in toluene and other organic solvents, as demonstrated by turbidity measurements, dynamic light scattering, optical microscopy, and liquid crystal self-assembly behavior. Electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, solid-state ¹³C NMR, and X-ray diffraction support the successful surface modification and indicate that CNC particle morphology is retained. The modified CNCs have a slightly decreased onset of thermal degradation (ca. 10 °C lower) compared with that of unmodified CNCs. We believe that this surface modification strategy presents a scalable, simple, and green approach to the production of hydrophobic biobased nanoparticles which may lend themselves as reinforcing agents in nonpolar polymer composites or stabilizers and rheological modifiers in nonaqueous liquid formulated products.

中文翻译：

使用植物多酚对纤维素纳米晶体进行一锅水基疏水表面改性

提出了一种对水中纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）进行表面改性的环保方法。单宁酸（TA）是一种植物多酚，在悬浮状态下与CNC混合时可作为底漆，然后与疏水性癸胺（DA）反应。Schiff碱形成/ Michael型加成将带有长烷基尾部的伯胺共价连接到CNC-TA，增加了颗粒的疏水性（接触角从21°移到74°）。改性后，水相中的CNC-TA-DA颗粒会分离，从而易于收集改性材料。干燥的产品易于在甲苯和其他有机溶剂中再分散，如浊度测量，动态光散射，光学显微镜和液晶自组装行为所证明。电子显微镜，¹³ C NMR和X射线衍射支持成功的表面改性，并表明保留了CNC颗粒形态。与未修改的CNC相比，修改后的CNC的热降解开始略有降低（降低约10°C）。我们相信，这种表面改性策略为疏水性生物基纳米颗粒的生产提出了一种可扩展，简单和绿色的方法，该方法可将自身用作非极性聚合物复合材料中的增强剂或非水性液体配制产品中的稳定剂和流变改性剂。

更新日期：2017-05-31

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