<br>RNA纳米技术新兴领域的进展,ACS Nano

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RNA纳米技术新兴领域的进展
ACS Nano ( IF 15.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-02-07 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05737
Daniel Jasinski ₁ , Farzin Haque ₁ , Daniel W Binzel ₁ , Peixuan Guo ₁

Affiliation

RNA纳米技术领域在过去十年中发展迅速。已经开发出各种具有确定形状、尺寸和化学计量的可编程 RNA 纳米粒子，用于纳米生物技术的各种应用。 RNA纳米颗粒的日益普及归因于以下几个因素：（1）通过在核苷酸中引入化学修饰而不显着改变RNA折叠和自组装特性，消除了RNA在体外和体内降解的担忧；（2）证实了RNA表现出非常高的热力学稳定性并适合体内运输和其他应用的概念； (3) 获得调整合成RNA构建体的免疫原性以用于体内应用的知识；（4）增加对RNA分子4D结构和分子间相互作用的理解； (5) 开发控制RNA纳米粒子的形状、尺寸和化学计量的方法； (6) 增加对细胞内RNA调控和加工功能的认识； (7)降低生物和化学合成RNA生产的成本； (8)证明RNA是一种安全且特异的癌症和其他疾病的治疗方式，并且在重要器官中很少或没有积累。 RNA 纳米技术的其他应用，例如将其用于构建 2D、3D 和 4D 结构，用于组织工程、生物传感、电阻生物记忆和潜在的计算机逻辑门模块，已经激发了科学界的兴趣。这篇综述旨在概述 RNA 纳米粒子作为可编程智能复合物的当前技术水平，并为这个快速发展领域的有希望的研究途径提供前景。

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Advancement of the Emerging Field of RNA Nanotechnology

The field of RNA nanotechnology has advanced rapidly during the past decade. A variety of programmable RNA nanoparticles with defined shape, size, and stoichiometry have been developed for diverse applications in nanobiotechnology. The rising popularity of RNA nanoparticles is due to a number of factors: (1) removing the concern of RNA degradation in vitro and in vivo by introducing chemical modification into nucleotides without significant alteration of the RNA property in folding and self-assembly; (2) confirming the concept that RNA displays very high thermodynamic stability and is suitable for in vivo trafficking and other applications; (3) obtaining the knowledge to tune the immunogenic properties of synthetic RNA constructs for in vivo applications; (4) increased understanding of the 4D structure and intermolecular interaction of RNA molecules; (5) developing methods to control shape, size, and stoichiometry of RNA nanoparticles; (6) increasing knowledge of regulation and processing functions of RNA in cells; (7) decreasing cost of RNA production by biological and chemical synthesis; and (8) proving the concept that RNA is a safe and specific therapeutic modality for cancer and other diseases with little or no accumulation in vital organs. Other applications of RNA nanotechnology, such as adapting them to construct 2D, 3D, and 4D structures for use in tissue engineering, biosensing, resistive biomemory, and potential computer logic gate modules, have stimulated the interest of the scientific community. This review aims to outline the current state of the art of RNA nanoparticles as programmable smart complexes and offers perspectives on the promising avenues of research in this fast-growing field.

更新日期：2017-02-07

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