Blood Cancer Journal ( IF 12.9 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 , DOI: 10.1038/s41408-024-01201-9 Jón Þórir Óskarsson, Sæmundur Rögnvaldsson, Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir, Thorir Einarsson Long, Andri Ólafsson, Elias Eythorsson, Ásbjörn Jónsson, Brynjar Viðarsson, Páll T. Önundarson, Bjarni A. Agnarsson, Róbert Pálmason, Margrét Sigurðardóttir, Ingunn Þorsteinsdóttir, Ísleifur Ólafsson, Stephen J. Harding, Brian G. M. Durie, Thorvardur Jon Love, Sigurdur Y. Kristinsson
Light-chain (LC) monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a precursor of multiple myeloma (MM) and related conditions. LC-MGUS is characterized by free light-chain (FLC) levels outside defined reference intervals, indirectly indicating underlying plasma cell (PC) monoclonality. Next-generation flow cytometry (NGF) was used to evaluate clonal PC presence in bone marrow (BM) samples from individuals with LC-MGUS in the iStopMM study, aiming to assess the predictive value of the FLC ratio for clonal PC presence and its prognostic implications. BM samples from 61 individuals with LC monoclonal gammopathy were analyzed. Clonal plasma cells were detected in 53.6% of LC-MGUS samples (n = 28) and in all samples from individuals with more advanced conditions (n = 33). The FLC ratio was predictive of clonal PC presence for kappa-involved FLC ratios (p < 0.05; n = 42), with an optimal cutoff of 3.15 (96.7% sensitivity, 91.7% specificity). Of 195 individuals with kappa-involved LC-MGUS in follow-up within the iStopMM study, none with FLC ratios >1.65 to 3.15 progressed to MM (n = 124), whereas 4/71 (5.6%) with FLC ratios >3.15 progressed over median follow-up of 55 months. These findings support using a kappa-involved FLC ratio cutoff of >3.15 to more accurately identify individuals at increased risk of developing symptomatic PC disorders.
中文翻译:
游离轻链比值在意义未明的轻链单克隆丙种球蛋白病中的意义:iStopMM 筛查研究的流式细胞术子研究
意义未明的轻链 (LC) 单克隆丙种球蛋白病 (MGUS) 是多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 和相关病症的前兆。LC-MGUS 的特征是游离轻链 (FLC) 水平超出定义的参考区间,间接表明潜在的浆细胞 (PC) 单克隆性。在 iStopMM 研究中,使用下一代流式细胞术 (NGF) 评估 LC-MGUS 个体骨髓 (BM) 样本中存在克隆 PC,旨在评估 FLC 比率对克隆 PC 存在的预测价值及其预后影响。分析了 61 例 LC 单克隆丙种球蛋白病患者的 BM 样本。在 53.6% 的 LC-MGUS 样品 (n = 28) 和来自病情更严重的个体的所有样品 (n = 33) 中检测到克隆浆细胞。对于 kappa 参与的 FLC 比率,FLC 比率可预测克隆 PC 的存在 (p < 0.05;n = 42),最佳临界值为 3.15 (96.7% 敏感性,91.7% 特异性)。在 iStopMM 研究的随访中,在 195 名 kappa 受累 LC-MGUS 的个体中,FLC 比值为 >1.65 至 3.15 的个体均未进展为 MM (n = 124),而 FLC 比值为 >3.15 的 4/71 (5.6%) 在中位随访 55 个月后进展。这些发现支持使用 >3.15 的 kappa 参与 FLC 比率临界值来更准确地识别患症状性 PC 疾病风险增加的个体。