Despite considerable progress, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) remains a major cause of cancer-related death in children. Now, data from the phase III AALL1731 trial demonstrate that adding the CD19 × CD3 bispecific T cell engager blinatumomab to chemotherapy significantly improves the outcomes of patients with standard-risk B-ALL with an average or high risk of disease relapse.

In this trial, 1,440 children (1–10 years of age) with standard-risk B-ALL with an average (n = 835) or high (n = 605) risk of relapse, based on cytogenetic features and minimal residual disease (MRD) status on completion of induction therapy, were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive two cycles of post-induction (for average-risk patients) or post-consolidation (for high-risk patients) chemotherapy with versus without blinatumomab. Disease-free survival (DFS) was the primary endpoint.

尽管取得了相当大的进展，但 B 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病 （B-ALL） 仍然是儿童癌症相关死亡的主要原因。现在，来自 III 期 AALL1731 试验的数据表明，在化疗中加入 CD19 × CD3 双特异性 T 细胞接合器 blinatumomab 可显著改善疾病复发风险平均或高风险的标危 B-ALL 患者的预后。

在这项试验中，根据细胞遗传学特征和完成诱导治疗后的微小残留病 （MRD） 状态，1,440 名平均 （n = 835） 或高 （n = 605） 复发风险的标准风险 B-ALL 儿童（1-10 岁）被随机分配 （1：1） 接受两个周期的诱导后（对于平均风险患者）或巩固后（对于高危患者）化疗与不联合 blinatumomab。无病生存期 （DFS） 是主要终点。