Anelloviruses are among the most prevalent viruses within the human virome, detected in over 90% of healthy individuals. Despite their ubiquity, the role of anelloviruses in human health remains elusive. This review examines the potential associations of anelloviruses torque teno virus (TTV), torque teno midi virus (TTMDV), and torque teno mini virus (TTMV) with various cancers, highlighting the mixed conclusions from current epidemiological studies. Anelloviruses may modulate cancer development through abnormal gene fusion, immune response, and toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) activation. On the other hand, anelloviruses might suppress tumor formation through TTV-derived apoptosis-inducing protein (TAIP) and NF-κB signaling inhibition. The high prevalence of anelloviruses in cancer patients could also be attributed to their immunocompromised status rather than a direct causative role of the viruses. This review underscores the need for more comprehensive studies, including in vitro and in vivo experiments, to clarify the role of anelloviruses in cancer development and progression.

中文翻译：

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 甲状病毒与癌症


甲状病毒是人类病毒组中最普遍的病毒之一，在超过 90% 的健康个体中检测到。尽管它们无处不在，但 anellovirus 在人类健康中的作用仍然难以捉摸。本综述研究了甲状病毒 torque teno virus （TTV）、torque teno midi 病毒 （TTMDV） 和 twist teno mini virus （TTMV） 与各种癌症的潜在关联，强调了当前流行病学研究的混合结论。Anelloviruses 可能通过异常基因融合、免疫反应和 toll 样受体 9 （TLR9） 激活来调节癌症的发展。另一方面，甲状病毒可能通过 TTV 衍生的凋亡诱导蛋白 （TAIP） 和 NF-κB 信号抑制抑制肿瘤形成。癌症患者中 anellovirus 的高患病率也可能归因于他们的免疫功能低下状态，而不是病毒的直接致病作用。本综述强调了更全面的研究的必要性，包括体外和体内实验，以阐明扇状病毒在癌症发展和进展中的作用。