The growing environmental concerns associated with the high carbon emissions of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) production, and the accumulation of industrial and marine waste materials, necessitate innovative solutions in the construction industry. This study evaluates the environmental feasibility of recycling industrial byproduct slag (BFS) and waste oyster shell powder (OSP) as alternative materials for traditional cement. The first to comprehensively evaluate the environmental impacts of concrete mixtures incorporating waste oyster shell powder (OSP) and blast furnace slag (BFS) using a combined Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. First, the RSM was used to design mixture ratios to balance performance with low environmental impact. Then, LCA was used to assess the environmental benefits from a "cradle-to-grave" perspective. The results indicate that adding OSP and BFS significantly reduces the global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), and eutrophication potential (EP) of the mixtures. Specifically, when the incorporation levels of OSP and BFS increased, the reductions in GWP, AP and EP were 8.24–48.52 %, 7.37–36.42 %, and 6.45–31.11 %, respectively. However, the addition of OSP and BFS negatively impacted the ozone depletion potential (ODP) and photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP), since it increased the ODP and POCP by 16.89–48.27 % and 8.63–28.52 %, respectively. Additionally, the compressive strength of the mixtures was 29.78–47.67 MPa, which showed a general declining trend with increased substitution of cement with OSP and BFS. Thus, an optimization analysis of environmental impacts guided by compressive strength was conducted to optimize the balance between environmental impact and structural performance. For a compressive strength requirement of 35 MPa, the incorporation rates of OSP and BFS were relatively high (8.71 % and 37.78 %, respectively), and the environmental impact was relatively low. When the compressive strength requirement increased, the substitution rates of OSP and BFS gradually decreased, and the environmental impact increased. When the compressive strength requirement reached 45 MPa, the addition rates of OSP and BFS decreased to 4.49 % and 11.17 %, respectively. This research highlights the potential of using waste materials as functional substitutes in mixtures and contributes to sustainable construction practices while maintaining material performance.

中文翻译：

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使用响应面方法优化壳体粉和矿渣混凝土的生命周期环境影响


与普通波特兰水泥 （OPC） 生产的高碳排放以及工业和海洋废料的积累相关的环境问题日益严重，因此需要建筑行业的创新解决方案。本研究评估了回收工业副产品渣 （BFS） 和废牡蛎壳粉 （OSP） 作为传统水泥替代材料的环境可行性。第一个使用响应面法 （RSM） 和生命周期评估 （LCA） 相结合的方法全面评估了包含废牡蛎壳粉 （OSP） 和高炉矿渣 （BFS） 的混凝土混合物对环境的影响。首先，RSM 用于设计混合比，以平衡性能和低环境影响。然后，使用 LCA 从“摇篮到坟墓”的角度评估环境效益。结果表明，添加 OSP 和 BFS 可显著降低混合物的全球变暖潜能值 （GWP）、酸化潜能值 （AP） 和富营养化潜能值 （EP）。具体而言，当 OSP 和 BFS 的掺入水平增加时，GWP、AP 和 EP 的降低分别为 8.24-48.52 %、7.37 和 7.36.42 % 和 6.45-31.11 %。然而，OSP 和 BFS 的添加对臭氧消耗潜能值 （ODP） 和光化学臭氧产生潜能值 （POCP） 产生了负面影响，因为它使 ODP 和 POCP 分别增加了 16.89-48.27% 和 8.63-28.52%。此外，混合物的抗压强度为 29.78–47.67 MPa，随着 OSP 和 BFS 替代水泥的增加，总体呈下降趋势。 因此，以抗压强度为指导的环境影响进行了优化分析，以优化环境影响和结构性能之间的平衡。对于抗压强度要求为 35 MPa，OSP 和 BFS 的掺入率相对较高（分别为 8.71 % 和 37.78 %），对环境的影响相对较低。当抗压强度要求增加时，OSP 和 BFS 的取代率逐渐降低，环境影响增加。当抗压强度要求达到 45 MPa 时，OSP 和 BFS 的添加量分别下降到 4.49 % 和 11.17 %。这项研究强调了使用废料作为混合物中功能性替代品的潜力，并在保持材料性能的同时为可持续建筑实践做出贡献。