Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the leading causes of death in the Western world. The associated risk factors are increased by smoking, hypertension, diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, aging, unbalanced diet, and alcohol consumption. Therefore, the study of cellular metabolism has become of increasing importance, with current research focusing on the alterations and adjustments of the metabolism of cancer patients. This may also affect the efficacy and tolerability of anti-cancer therapies such as immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI). This review will focus on metabolic adaptations and their consequences for various cell types, including cancer cells, cardiac myocytes, and immune cells. Focusing on ICI, we illustrate how anti-cancer therapies interact with metabolism. In addition to the desired tumor response, we highlight that ICI can also lead to a variety of side effects that may impact metabolism or vice versa. With regard to the cardiovascular system, ICI-induced cardiotoxicity is increasingly recognized as one of the most life-threatening adverse events with a mortality of up to 50%. As such, significant efforts are being made to assess the specific interactions and associated metabolic changes associated with ICIs to improve both efficacy and management of side effects.

心血管疾病和癌症是西方世界的主要死亡原因。吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、久坐不动的生活方式、衰老、饮食不均衡和饮酒会增加相关的危险因素。因此，细胞代谢的研究变得越来越重要，目前的研究集中在癌症患者新陈代谢的改变和调整上。这也可能影响免疫检查点抑制 （ICI） 等抗癌疗法的疗效和耐受性。本综述将重点介绍代谢适应及其对各种细胞类型（包括癌细胞、心肌细胞和免疫细胞）的影响。以 ICI 为重点，我们说明了抗癌疗法如何与新陈代谢相互作用。除了所需的肿瘤反应外，我们还强调 ICI 还会导致各种可能影响新陈代谢的副作用，反之亦然。在心血管系统方面，ICI 诱导的心脏毒性越来越被认为是最危及生命的不良事件之一，死亡率高达 50%。因此，正在做出重大努力来评估与 ICIs 相关的特定相互作用和相关代谢变化，以提高疗效和副作用的管理。