AimsAlthough certain autoimmune diseases (AIDs) have been associated with an increased rate of heart failure (HF), data on the long‐term rate of HF across the spectrum of AIDs are lacking. We investigated the long‐term rate of HF in individuals with a history of 28 different AIDs.Methods and resultsIndividuals diagnosed with an AID (2000–2021) were identified through Danish nationwide registries. Each patient with AID was matched with four individuals from the background population by age, sex, and year of inclusion. Multivariable Cox regression was used to compare the rate of HF between the AID and the background population, overall and according to individual AIDs. In total, 272 959 patients diagnosed with AID were matched with 1 091 836 individuals without AID (median age 55 years; 62% women; median follow‐up 7.9 years). The 10‐year cumulative incidence of HF was 5.2% for patients with AID and 3.5% for matched individuals. Patients with any AID had a higher associated rate of HF than matched individuals (hazard ratio [HR] 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52–1.59). Patients with each of the AIDs had a higher associated rate of incident HF compared with matched individuals from the background population, although the association was not statistically significant for Reiter's and Behcet's disease. The highest relative rates were observed in patients with systemic sclerosis (HR 3.31, 95% CI 2.63–4.16) and Addison's disease (HR 3.03, 95% CI 2.35–3.91).ConclusionPatients with AID, irrespective of the type, had a higher associated rate of HF compared to the background population. Further research is needed to clarify whether screening for cardiovascular risk is beneficial.

中文翻译：

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自身免疫性疾病患者长期心力衰竭发生率：一项全国性队列研究


目的尽管某些自身免疫性疾病 （AIDs） 与心力衰竭 （HF） 发病率增加有关，但缺乏关于 AIDS 谱系 HF 长期发生率的数据。我们调查了有 28 种不同 AIDS 病史的个体的长期 HF 发生率.方法和结果诊断为 AID 的个体 （2000-2021） 是通过丹麦全国登记处确定的。每位 AID 患者按年龄、性别和纳入年份与背景人群中的 4 名个体进行匹配。多变量 Cox 回归用于比较 AID 和背景人群之间的 HF 发生率，总体和根据个体 AID。总共有 272 959 名诊断为 AID 的患者与 1 091 836 名无 AID 患者相匹配（中位年龄 55 岁;62% 为女性;中位随访 7.9 年）。AID 患者的 10 年累积 HF 发病率为 5.2%，匹配个体为 3.5%。与匹配的个体相比，任何 AID 患者的 HF 相关发生率更高 （风险比 [HR] 1.55,95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.52-1.59）。与背景人群中的匹配个体相比，每种 AID 患者的 HF 新发率更高，尽管这种关联对 Reiter 病和 Behcet 病没有统计学意义。在系统性硬化症 （HR 3.31， 95% CI 2.63-4.16） 和 Addison 病 （HR 3.03， 95% CI 2.35-3.91） 患者中观察到的相对发生率最高。结论与背景人群相比，AID 患者，无论类型如何，HF 相关发生率更高。需要进一步的研究来阐明筛查心血管风险是否有益。