PurposeTo evaluate the performance and clinical outcome of vertical and horizontal bone augmentation (VHBA) in posterior maxillary regions combining lateral window sinus floor elevation (LWSFE) with a horizontal bone shell technique applying the maxillary facial sinus wall as a bone plate.Materials and MethodsIn 18 patients, LWSFE was combined with a horizontal bone shield augmentation procedure utilizing the maxillary facial sinus bone wall as a lateral bone plate. Both the sinus cavity and the lateral bone box created were grafted with a mixture of autogenous bone/venous blood and bovine bone mineral. The primary aim was to assess the performance of combined techniques enabling subsequent implant placement. Using radiographic measurements (preoperative, after VHBA, at implant placement, and at follow‐up), bone gain/reduction of augmented horizontal ridge width (HRW) and vertical bone height (VBH) were evaluated. Additionally, clinical outcome assessing implant survival/success rate, marginal bone loss (MBL), and implant health (mucositis/peri‐implantitis) was evaluated.ResultsFor the combined VHBA techniques, HRW and VBH increased significantly (p < 0.001) from preoperative 3.5 ± 1.4 mm/3.6 ± 2.1 mm to 9.7 ± 1.9 mm/18.0 ± 1.6 mm post‐augmentation. However, HRW and VBH dimensions decreased up to 8.9 ± 1.8 mm/17.1 ± 1.4 mm at implant placement and 8.6 ± 1.7 mm/16.7 ± 1.3 mm at follow‐up evaluation (3.8 ± 1.8 years; p < 0.001, respectively). Augmented bone reduction was significantly higher (−7.7%) between the augmentation procedure and implant placement than in the post‐implant‐placement period (−2.5%). All implants survived (100%) representing peri‐implant MBL of −0.9 ± 0.7 mm, pocket depth of 3.4 + 1.8 mm, and prevalences of 5%/0% for peri‐implant mucositis/peri‐implantitis.ConclusionThe combination of horizontal bone augmentation using local bone shield transfer from the maxillary facial sinus wall with LWSFE enables sufficient reconstruction of maxillary posterior ridge.

中文翻译：

---

使用面鼻窦壁作为骨壳高嵌体移植物进行上颌后嵴重建：回顾性病例系列


目的评价垂直和水平骨增量 （VHBA） 在上颌后区域的性能和临床结果，将侧窗窦底提升术 （LWSFE） 与水平骨壳技术相结合，以上颌面窦壁作为骨板。材料和方法在 18 例患者中，LWSFE 与利用上颌面窦骨壁作为侧骨板的水平骨盾增强手术相结合。创建的窦腔和侧骨盒均用自体骨/静脉血和牛骨矿物质的混合物移植。主要目的是评估能够进行后续种植体植入的联合技术的性能。使用影像学测量 （术前、VHBA 后、种植体植入时和随访时），评估骨增加/增加的水平脊宽度 （HRW） 和垂直骨高度 （VBH） 的减少。此外，还评估了评估种植体存活率/成功率、边缘骨质流失 （MBL） 和种植体健康状况（粘膜炎/种植体周围炎）的临床结果。结果对于联合 VHBA 技术，HRW 和 VBH 从术前 3.5 ± 1.4 mm/3.6 ± 2.1 mm 增加到 9.7 ± 1.9 mm/18.0 ±增强后 1.6 mm。然而，在种植体植入时，HRW 和 VBH 尺寸减小± 1.8 mm/17.1 ± 1.4 mm，随访评估时 1.7 mm/16.7 ± 1.3 mm 减小至 8.6 ± 1.7 mm/16.7 mm（分别为 3.8 ± 1.8 年;p < 0.001）。增强手术和种植体植入之间的骨增强减少 （-7.7%） 显著高于种植体植入后时期 （-2.5%）。所有种植体存活 （100%） 代表种植体周围 MBL 为 -0.9 ± 0.7 mm，牙周袋深度为 3.4 + 1。8 毫米，种植体周围粘膜炎/种植体周围炎的患病率为 5%/0%。结论使用上颌面窦壁局部骨盾转移与 LWSFE 相结合的水平骨增量可实现上颌后嵴的充分重建。