Multisensory decline is common as people age, and aging is the primary risk of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Recent studies have begun to shed light on the possibility that age-related sensory decline could accelerate AD pathogenesis, or be a prodromal indicator of AD. Sensory impairments, specifically in taste and smell, often emerge before cognitive symptoms in AD, indicating their potential as early biomarkers. Olfactory dysfunction has been frequently associated with AD and may offer valuable insights into early detection. Hearing impairment is significantly associated with AD, but its causal impact on AD progression remains unclear. The review also discusses visual and tactile deficits in AD, including retinal thinning and changes in tactile perception, highlighting their links to disease progression. Focusing on molecular mechanisms, the review explores the roles of amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation and tau protein pathology in sensory decline and their bidirectional relationship with AD. In summary, the evidence presented conclusively supports advocating for an integrated approach to understanding AD and sensory decline, to enhance early detection, implementing preventive strategies, and developing therapeutic interventions for AD. This approach underscores the significance of sensory health in addressing neurodegenerative diseases, particularly AD.

中文翻译：

---

与衰老相关的感觉减退和阿尔茨海默病


随着年龄的增长，多感官下降很常见，衰老是阿尔茨海默病 （AD） 的主要风险。最近的研究已经开始阐明与年龄相关的感觉衰退可能加速 AD 发病机制，或成为 AD 的前驱指标。感觉障碍，特别是味觉和嗅觉障碍，通常在 AD 的认知症状之前出现，表明它们可能成为早期生物标志物。嗅觉功能障碍经常与 AD 相关，可能为早期检测提供有价值的见解。听力障碍与 AD 显著相关，但其对 AD 进展的因果影响仍不清楚。本综述还讨论了 AD 中的视觉和触觉缺陷，包括视网膜变薄和触觉感知的变化，强调了它们与疾病进展的联系。本综述侧重于分子机制，探讨了淀粉样蛋白β （Aβ） 积累和 tau 蛋白病理在感觉下降中的作用以及它们与 AD 的双向关系。总之，提供的证据最终支持倡导一种综合方法来理解 AD 和感觉衰退，以加强早期检测、实施预防策略和开发 AD 治疗干预措施。这种方法强调了感觉健康在解决神经退行性疾病（尤其是 AD）方面的重要性。