BACKGROUNDThis study evaluated operator exposure during mixing and loading phases of drone‐based pesticide application, specifically examining potential and actual exposure during handling of concentrated and diluted pesticide products. It aims to clarify the differences in exposure levels between these two scenarios with implications for exposure risk assessment.RESULTSResults demonstrate that mixing concentrated products poses the primary exposure, while transferring diluted mixtures to the drone tank results in significantly lower exposure figures. Personal protective equipment (PPE) significantly mitigates potential exposure, particularly during mixing. Hand exposure contributes to 50–75% of total exposure.CONCLUSIONThese data facilitate refined exposure and risk assessments by distinguishing between handling concentrated and diluted products, allowing a stratification of exposure for these scenarios and enabling the application of appropriate dermal absorption rates for each scenario. The results also confirm that one layer of work clothing and protective gloves significantly reduce the operator exposure, which highlights the importance of wearing adequate protective clothing and gloves by operators, especially during the mixing phase. These insights contribute to the development of novel science‐based safety assessments and improved operator protection in drone‐assisted pesticide application. © 2024 Bayer AG. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

中文翻译：

---

操作员在混合和装载无人机期间的农药暴露量：针对分层暴露评估


背景该研究评估了操作员在无人机农药施用的混合和装载阶段的暴露情况，特别是检查了在处理浓缩和稀释农药产品过程中的潜在和实际暴露情况。它旨在阐明这两种情景之间暴露水平的差异，以及对暴露风险评估的影响。结果结果表明，混合浓缩产品构成主要暴露，而将稀释的混合物转移到无人机罐会导致暴露值显着降低。个人防护装备 （PPE） 可显著减少潜在的暴露，尤其是在混合过程中。手部暴露占总暴露量的 50-75%。结论这些数据通过区分处理浓缩产品和稀释产品来促进精细的暴露和风险评估，允许对这些情况的暴露进行分层，并能够为每种情况应用适当的皮肤吸收率。结果还证实，一层工作服和防护手套可显著降低操作员的暴露，这凸显了操作员穿着足够的防护服和手套的重要性，尤其是在混合阶段。这些见解有助于开发基于科学的新型安全评估，并改善无人机辅助农药应用中的操作员保护。© 2024 拜耳公司。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。