BACKGROUNDVenom serves as a pivotal parasitic factor employed by parasitoid wasps to manipulate their hosts, creating a favorable environment for the successful growth of their progeny, and ultimately kill the host. The bioactive molecules within parasitoid venoms exhibit insecticidal activities with promising prospects for agricultural applications. However, knowledge regarding the venom components of parasitoids and the discovery of functional biomolecules from them remains limited.RESULTSIn this study, 30 venom proteins were identified from the endoparasitoid Aphidius gifuensis through the application of a transcriptomic approach. These proteins were categorized into five groups: hydrolase, molecular chaperone, transferase, other functional protein, and hypothetical protein with unknown function. Particularly noteworthy is the abundant expression of the peptide Vn1 in the venom apparatus of A. gifuensis, indicating its pivotal role in venom activity. Consequently, Vn1 was chosen for further functional analysis, exhibiting insecticidal activity against Tenebrio molitor pupae. Further assessment for revealing its mode of action disclosed that Vn1 impacts genes related to immune response, environmental information processing, metabolism, and response to external stimuli in T. molitor, suggesting its involvement in the intricate parasitoid wasp–host interaction.CONCLUSIONThe findings of this study significantly contribute to our knowledge of the composition and functionality of A. gifuensis venom, establishing a foundation for further investigation into the biological roles of the identified venom constituents. The insecticidal Vn1 isolated from the venom of this parasitoid represents a valuable resource for the development of innovative biocontrol agents with potential applications in agriculture. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

中文翻译：

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解开内寄生虫 Aphidius gifuensis 的毒液成分，重点是发现一种新的杀虫肽


背景Veenom 是寄生蜂采用的关键寄生因子，用于操纵其宿主，为其后代的成功生长创造有利环境，并最终杀死宿主。寄生虫毒液中的生物活性分子表现出杀虫活性，在农业应用中前景广阔。然而，关于类寄生虫毒液成分和从中发现功能性生物分子的知识仍然有限。结果在本研究中，通过应用转录组学方法从内寄生虫 Aphidius gifuensis 中鉴定出 30 种毒液蛋白。这些蛋白质分为五组：水解酶、分子伴侣、转移酶、其他功能性蛋白和功能未知的假想蛋白。特别值得注意的是肽 Vn1 在 A. gifuensis 毒液装置中的丰富表达，表明其在毒液活性中起关键作用。因此，选择 Vn1 进行进一步的功能分析，表现出对 Tenebrio molitor 蛹的杀虫活性。揭示其作用方式的进一步评估表明，Vn1 影响 T. molitor 中与免疫反应、环境信息处理、新陈代谢和对外部刺激的反应相关的基因，表明它参与了错综复杂的寄生蜂-宿主相互作用。结论这项研究的结果对我们了解吉福荟毒液的组成和功能有很大贡献，为进一步研究已鉴定毒液成分的生物学作用奠定了基础。 从这种寄生虫毒液中分离的杀虫剂 Vn1 代表了开发具有潜在农业应用的创新生物防治剂的宝贵资源。© 2024 化工学会.