The autoimmune and inflammatory pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the use of immunomodulating therapy, and shared environmental or genetic risk factors between RA and malignancies have raised attention to cancer risk in patients with RA [1], in particular hematologic malignancies [1, 2]. In RA, the presence of autoantibodies is associated with rapid disease progression; however, it is unclear whether seropositivity is associated with hematologic malignancies.

Moreover, previous studies examining hematologic malignancy risk in patients with RA mostly reported standardized incidence ratios (SIR) [1,2,3,4,5,6], lacking consideration of confounding factors such as smoking, alcohol, and socioeconomic status. Data on Asian populations are also limited, especially regarding leukemia and multiple myeloma (MM). Hematologic malignancies may differ between Western and Asian populations in incidence and pathophysiology according to the type due to genetic and environmental factors; i.e., Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) shows higher incidence rates in Western Europe than East Asia [7].

类风湿性关节炎 （RA） 的自身免疫性和炎症发病机制、免疫调节疗法的使用以及 RA 与恶性肿瘤之间共同的环境或遗传危险因素提高了人们对 RA 患者癌症风险的关注 [1]，尤其是血液系统恶性肿瘤 [1， 2]。在 RA 中，自身抗体的存在与疾病的快速进展相关;然而，目前尚不清楚血清阳性是否与血液系统恶性肿瘤相关。

此外，既往研究RA患者血液系统恶性肿瘤风险的研究大多报道了标准化发病率比（standardized incidence ratio， SIR）[1,2,3,4,5,6]，缺乏对吸烟、酗酒和社会经济地位等混杂因素的考虑。关于亚洲人群的数据也很有限，尤其是关于白血病和多发性骨髓瘤 （MM） 的数据。由于遗传和环境因素，西方和亚洲人群的血液系统恶性肿瘤在发病率和病理生理学方面可能因类型而异;即，霍奇金淋巴瘤 （HL） 在西欧的发病率高于东亚 [7]。