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Development of ALL-Hematotox (ALL-HT): predicting post-CAR T-cell hematotoxicity in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Blood ( IF 21.0 ) Pub Date : 2024-11-22 , DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024025910
Monica S. Nair, Sara K. Silbert, Kai Rejeski, Karilynn A. Wilson, Adam J. Lamble, Yannis Valtis, Bonnie Yates, Alexa Morales Arana, Roni Shouval, Kevin Curran, Rebecca A. Gardner, Haneen Shalabi, Colleen Annesley, Jae H. Park, Marion Subklewe, Nirali N. Shah

Immune effector cell–associated hematotoxicity (ICAHT) is a major B-cell targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell related toxicity. Although ICAHT incidence and severity is documented in large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), and multiple myeloma (MM), ICAHT has not been described in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Similarly, the CAR-HEMATOTOX (CAR-HT) model, designed to predict severe prolonged neutropenia (>14 days of absolute neutrophil count [ANC] <500/μl), has been validated in LBCL, MCL, and MM, but not in B-ALL. As B-ALL bone marrow (BM) infiltration can impact cytopenias, we sought to describe ICAHT and assess CAR-HT for predicting hematotoxicity in B-ALL. In a cohort of 156 children and young adults with relapsed/refractory B-ALL, the median duration of severe neutropenia (ANC <500/μl) was 13 days (95% confidence interval, 10-16 days), with 83 (53%) experiencing grade >3 ICAHT. Applying CAR-HT, nearly 90% were classified as high risk, demonstrating limited discriminative power and prompting further development. Using the association identified between BM disease burden and postinfusion neutropenia (r = 0.64, P < .0001), we developed the ALL-Hematotox (ALL-HT) score, which substitutes BM disease burden for ferritin in CAR-HT. The ALL-HT score associated with severe prolonged neutropenia (area under the curve = 0.84, P < .0001), and appropriately discriminated high-risk patients (47%) who had more cumulative days of neutropenia (26 vs 4 days; P < .0001), fewer rates of complete response (88% vs 98%; P = .03), and shorter median overall survival (9.8 vs 24 months; log-rank P = .0002). ALL-HT was also validated in 2 independent cohorts. The ALL-HT score refines a widely accepted predictive model of postinfusion hematotoxicity, applicable in B-ALL.

中文翻译:


ALL-Hematotox (ALL-HT) 的发展:预测 B 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病的 CAR 后 T 细胞血液毒性



免疫效应细胞相关血液毒性 (ICAHT) 是一种主要的 B 细胞靶向嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) T 细胞相关毒性。尽管 ICAHT 的发病率和严重程度见于大 B 细胞淋巴瘤 (LBCL)、套细胞淋巴瘤 (MCL) 和多发性骨髓瘤 (MM),但 ICAHT 在 B 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病 (B-ALL) 中尚未见报道。同样,旨在预测严重延长中性粒细胞减少症 (>14 天的中性粒细胞绝对计数 [ANC] <500/μl) 的 CAR-HEMATOOX (CAR-HT) 模型已在 LBCL、MCL 和 MM 中得到验证,但在 B-ALL 中未得到验证。由于 B-ALL 骨髓 (BM) 浸润会影响血细胞减少症,我们试图描述 ICAHT 并评估 CAR-HT 预测 B-ALL 血液毒性。在 156 名患有复发/难治性 B-ALL 的儿童和年轻人的队列中,严重中性粒细胞减少症 (ANC <500/μl) 的中位持续时间为 13 天 (95% 置信区间,10-16 天),其中 83 例 (53%) 经历 >3 级 ICAHT。应用 CAR-HT,近 90% 被归类为高风险,表现出有限的判别力并促进进一步发展。利用确定的 BM 疾病负担与输注后中性粒细胞减少症之间的关联 (r = 0.64,P < .0001),我们开发了 ALL-Hematoox (ALL-HT) 评分,该评分在 CAR-HT 中替代了 BM 疾病负担的铁蛋白。ALL-HT 评分与严重长期中性粒细胞减少症相关 (曲线下面积 = 0.84,P < .0001),并适当区分中性粒细胞减少症累积天数较多的高危患者 (47%) (26 天 vs 4 天;P < .0001),完全缓解率较低 (88% 对 98%;P = .03),中位总生存期较短 (9.8 个月 vs 24 个月;对数秩 P = .0002)。ALL-HT 也在 2 个独立队列中进行了验证。 ALL-HT 评分完善了一种广泛接受的输注后血液毒性预测模型,适用于 B-ALL。
更新日期:2024-11-22
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