Multi-energy complementary technology has become one of the core elements to promote the structural transformation of global energy and cope with climate change. Faced with the rapid growth of wind power and photovoltaic, the uncertainty of its power generation will increase further, and it is urgent to explore more types of flexible regulation power sources to compensate for them. The construction of pumped storage power stations among cascade reservoirs is a feasible way to expand the flexible resources of the multi-energy complementary clean energy base. However, this way makes the hydraulic and electrical connections of the upper and lower reservoirs more complicated, which brings more uncertainty to the power generation. Hence, to support the high-quality power supply, this research explores the complementary characteristics of the clean energy base building different types of pumped storage power stations, and recognizes the efficient operation intervals of the giant cascade reservoir. First, a multi-dimensional uncertainty evaluation system is proposed to elaborate on the typical output scenarios of wind power and photovoltaic in more detail. Next, based on different utilization principles of wind power and photovoltaic, the multi-energy complementary operation models of the hydropower-wind-PV hybrid system, the hydropower-wind-PV hybrid system including pump stations, and the hydropower-wind-PV hybrid system including reversible hydro units are established. Further, a multi-dimensional scenarios random combination method is applied to investigate the response relationship between the operation parameters of the key reservoir and the operation indicators of the clean energy base. Finally, these above methods have been practiced in the clean energy base in the upper Yellow River basin. The main results of the research are as follows: (1) when the power output of wind-PV plants is high, the absorption rates of wind power and photovoltaic increase by 36% and 12% respectively, in hydropower-wind-PV hybrid systems with reversible hydro units and with pump stations, compared to the hydropower-wind-PV hybrid system; (2) when the power output of wind-PV plants is high, the load loss rates of the transmission channel decrease by 28.57% and 14.28% respectively, in hydropower-wind-PV hybrid systems with reversible hydro units and with pump stations, compared to the hydropower-wind-PV hybrid system; (3) for the hydropower-wind-PV hybrid system including reversible hydro units, the comprehensive utilization flow of the key reservoir respectively maintain 500-800 m3/s and 1000-1200 m3/s in the max scenario and min scenario of wind power and photovoltaic, which is beneficial to the efficient absorption of new energy and high-quality power transmission; (4) for the hydropower-wind-PV hybrid system including pump stations, the comprehensive utilization flow of the key reservoir should respectively keep 500-750 m3/s and 950-1100 m3/s in the max scenario and min scenario of wind power and photovoltaic.

中文翻译：

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在梯级水库中建造抽水蓄能电站，以支持水电-风-光发电系统的高质量供电


多能互补技术已成为推动全球能源结构转型和应对气候变化的核心要素之一。面对风电和光伏的快速发展，其发电的不确定性将进一步增加，迫切需要探索更多类型的灵活调节电源来弥补它们。在梯级水库之间建设抽水蓄能电站是拓展多能互补清洁能源基地灵活资源的可行途径。但是，这种方式使得上下储层的水电连接更加复杂，给发电带来了更多的不确定性。因此，为支持高质量电力供应，本研究探讨了清洁能源基地建设不同类型抽水蓄能电站的互补特性，并认识到巨型梯级水库的高效运行区间。首先，提出了一个多维度不确定性评价系统，更详细地阐述了风电和光伏的典型输出场景;其次，基于风电和光伏的不同利用原理，建立了水电-风-光混合系统、包括泵站在内的水电-风-光混合系统和包括可逆水电机组在内的水电-风-光混合系统-多能源互补运行模式。进一步，采用多维情景随机组合方法研究了关键油藏运行参数与清洁能源基地运行指标之间的响应关系。 最后，上述方法已在黄河流域上游的清洁能源基地得到实践。研究的主要结果如下：（1）当风光发电厂的功率输出较高时，与水电-风-光混合系统相比，具有可逆水电机组和泵站的水电-风-光混合系统，风电和光伏的吸收率分别提高了36%和12%;（2）当风电-光伏电站的功率输出较高时，与水电-风-光混合系统相比，具有可逆水电机组和泵站的水电-风-光混合系统，输电通道的负荷损失率分别降低了28.57%和14.28%;（3）对于包括可逆水电机组在内的水电-风-光混合系统，在风电和光伏的最大情景和最小情景下，关键水库的综合利用流量分别保持500-800 m3/s和1000-1200 m3/s，有利于新能源的高效吸收和高质量的电力输送;（4）对于包括泵站在内的水电-风-光混合系统，在风电和光伏的最大情景和最小情景下，关键水库的综合利用流量应分别保持在500-750 m3/s和950-1100 m3/s。