Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR), a reliable technique for groundwater restoration in arid regions, struggles with the limited recovery of stored water in salt-affected areas due to fresh-saline water mixing. Groundwater recharge and recovery project performance in saline aquifers is primarily controlled by operational factors because it influences fresh-saline water mixing significantly. Understanding the impact of operational factors is thus crucial for optimizing MAR performance, particularly in saline groundwater regions. This study conducted a comprehensive literature review of literature studies related to MAR in Salt-affected groundwater regions (MARS), along with statistical analysis to discuss each operational factor’s common positive or negative effects on aquifer recharge and recovery performance. The Recovery Efficiency (RE) values in each MARS study analyzed in this article are influenced by unique hydrogeological and operational settings, resulting in significant variations. However, a similar influencing trend of each operational factor on the observed RE variation is found. To validate the results of this analysis, a variable density groundwater flow model was developed from the data of a MAR field application project given in Reese (2002) and simulated for similar variations in operational factors. The simulation results corroborated the general trends observed in the review analysis. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of how operational factors influence the RE of MARS. The results demonstrate that a higher recharge rate, larger freshwater volume, smaller storage durations, and a minimum of four subsequent recharge-recovery cycles may lead to higher RE. The trends obtained for each operational factor can be utilized to optimize the operation of MARS projects for achieving higher RE in the salt-affected regions of the world.

中文翻译：

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咸水层可持续地下水补给和恢复的研究结果和一般标准综述


管理含水层补给 （MAR） 是一种在干旱地区恢复地下水的可靠技术，由于淡水盐水混合，受盐影响地区储存的水的回收有限。咸水层的地下水补给和恢复项目绩效主要受运营因素控制，因为它会显著影响淡水与咸水的混合。因此，了解运营因素的影响对于优化 MAR 性能至关重要，尤其是在含盐地下水地区。本研究对受盐影响地下水区 （MARS） 中与 MAR 相关的文献研究进行了全面的文献综述，并进行了统计分析，以讨论每个运营因素对含水层补给和恢复性能的常见积极或消极影响。本文分析的每项 MARS 研究中的采收效率 （RE） 值都受到独特的水文地质和操作环境的影响，从而导致显著变化。然而，发现每个操作因素对观察到的 RE 变化有相似的影响趋势。为了验证这一分析的结果，根据 Reese （2002） 给出的 MAR 现场应用项目的数据开发了一个可变密度地下水流模型，并模拟了运行因素的类似变化。模拟结果证实了在综述分析中观察到的总体趋势。本研究全面分析了运营因素如何影响 MARS 的 RE。结果表明，更高的补给率、更大的淡水量、更短的储存时间以及至少四个后续的补给-恢复周期可能会导致更高的 RE。 每个运营因素获得的趋势可用于优化 MARS 项目的运营，以在全球受盐影响的地区实现更高的 RE。